Scott Shu

HOWTO MediaWiKi

2012-01-27T15:51:00.006+08:00

How to install MediaWiKi
1. Install mediawiki

http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Running_MediaWiki_on_Fedora_Core

How to install MySQL
1. Install MySQL
yum install mysql-server php-mysql

How to configure MySQL
1. Set the MySQL service to start on boot
[ ]# chkconfig --levels 235 mysqld on
2. Start the MySQL service
[ ]# service mysqld start
3. Log into MySQL
[ ]# mysql -u root
4. Set the root user password for all local domains
mysql> SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('your-password');
mysql> SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'hostname' = PASSWORD('your-password');
mysql> SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'127.0.0.1' = PASSWORD('your-password');
5. Drop the Any user
mysql> DROP USER ''@'localhost';
mysql> DROP USER ''@'hostname';
mysql> DROP USER ''@'%';
6. Drop the test database
mysql> DROP DATABASE test;
7. Exit MySQL
[ ]# exit

Reference:
1. Professional Wikis, Mark Choate, 2008, Wiley Publishing, Inc.
2. Wikipatterns, Stewart Mader, 2008, Wiley Publishing, Inc.

802.1X

2012-01-15T15:41:00.002+08:00

802.1X Port-Based Authentication

802.1X

ARM Versatile Express Cortex-A9 (4) Root File System

2012-01-02T09:51:00.001+08:00

Buildroot

http://sources.buildroot.net

ARM Versatile Express Cortex-A9 (3) Linux

2011-12-07T18:36:00.000+08:00

ARM Versatile Express Cortex-A9 (2) u-boot

2011-12-07T18:01:00.003+08:00

ARM Versatile Express Cortex-A9 (1) BootMonitor

2011-12-07T18:00:00.002+08:00

ARM V2M Boot loader v1.1.2
HBI0190 build 1280

ARM V2M Firmware v2.2.5
Build Date: Apr 5 2011

Date: Tue 20 Apr 2004
Time: 06:51:39

Press Enter to stop auto boot...

Daughterboard fitted to site 1.

Switching on ATXPSU...
ATX3V3: ON
VIOset: 1.8V
MBtemp: 34 degC

Configuring motherboard (rev D, var A)...
IOFPGA config: PASSED
MUXFPGA config: PASSED
OSC CLK config: PASSED

Testing SMC devices (FPGA build 5)...
SRAM 32MB test: PASSED
VRAM 8MB test: PASSED
LAN9118 test: PASSED
USB & OTG test: PASSED
KMI1/KMI2 test: PASSED
MMC & SD test: PASSED
DVI image test: PASSED
AACI AC97 test: PASSED
CF card test: PASSED
UART port test: PASSED

V2M-P1 Peripheral Tests
=======================
1. SMC SRAM : Not Run
2. LAN9118 : Not Run
3. USB & OTG : Not Run
4. KMI1/KMI2 : Not Run
5. MMC & SD : Not Run
6. DVI image : Not Run
7. AACI AC97 : Not Run
8. CF card : Not Run
9. UART port : Not Run
0. Exit

Choice: 1

SMC SRAM and VRAM test...
SRAM 32MB test: PASSED
VRAM 8MB test: PASSED
V2M-P1 Peripheral Tests
=======================
1. SMC SRAM : PASS
2. LAN9118 : FAIL
3. USB & OTG : PASS
4. KMI1/KMI2 : FAIL
5. MMC & SD : FAIL
6. DVI image : FAIL
7. AACI AC97 : FAIL
8. CF card : FAIL
9. UART port : FAIL
0. Exit

Choice: 0
MAC addrs test: FAILED
MAC address requested was: 00:02:F7:00:45:DE
MAC address read was: 00:02:F7:00:0A:C0

Programming MAC Address
MAC addrs test: PASSED

Reading Site 1 Board File \SITE1\HBI0191B\board.txt
DB1 JTAG configuration complete.
Setting DB1 OSCCLKS...
DB1.0 DCC 0 SPI configuration complete.
Writing SCC 0x40610000 with 0xBB8A802A
Writing SCC 0x40610001 with 0x00001F09
Writing SCC 0x40610002 with 0x00000000
DB1.0 DCC 0 SCC configuration complete.

DB1 SMC clock enabled.
Waiting for SITE1 CB_READY...
Testing DB SMB clock...
Configuring MUXFPGA for MB.
Setting DVI mode for VGA.
Enabling debug USB.
Releasing Daughterboard resets.
Switching MCC log to UART1.

ARM Versatile Express Boot Monitor
Version: V4.0.4
Build Date: Mar 28 2011
Daughterboard Site 1: V2P-CA9 Cortex A9
Daughterboard Site 2: Not Used
>
> help
ALIAS - Create an alias command
CD - Change directory
CLEAR BOOTSCRIPT - Clear boot script
CONFIGURE - Configure Sub-Menu
CONVERT BINARY - Make binary file runable
COPY - Copy a file
CREATE - Create a file
DEBUG - Debug Sub-Menu
DELETE - Delete a file
DIRECTORY - List files in directory
DISPLAY BOOTSCRIPT - Display boot script
ECHO - Echo line
EXIT - Return to Main Menu
FLASH - Flash Sub-Menu
HELP - List commands
K: - Change drive
LINUX - Run linux image
LOAD - Loads an image
M: - Change drive
MKDIR - Create a directory
QUIT - Alias for 'EXIT'
RENAME - Rename a file
RMDIR - Remove a directory
RUN - Run image
SDCARD - SDCard Sub-Menu
SET BOOTSCRIPT - Set boot script
TYPE - Display a text file
VERIFY - Verify a file
>

Tegra 3

2011-12-02T17:10:00.001+08:00

nVidia Tegra3

Linux patchset
v5

"Cardhu" development board

Tegra II vs. TI OMAP PandaBoard

2011-11-21T15:45:00.009+08:00

CPU: CoreMark

Memory: Memory Bandwidth/Latency Test

Top 3 Memory Benchmark
(1) STREAM
(2) nbench
(3) LLCbench (cachebench)
Raw Data: tegra-cachebench omap4430-cachebench

Tegra Tegra 250: LPDDR2 600 MHz

PandaBoard OMAP 4430: LPDDR2 400 MHz

You can find the "level" between L1, L2 and system memory.

PandaBoard System Bring-Up

2011-11-21T10:00:00.017+08:00

Boot ROM

x-loader

[ ]# make CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux- omap4430panda_config
[ ]# make CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux- ift

u-boot

[ ]# make CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux- omap4_panda_config
[ ]# make CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-

Linux Kernel

linux-3.1.4

[ ]# make ARCH=arm omap2plus_defconfig
[ ]# make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux- uImage
[ ]# make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux- modules
[ ]# make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux- INSTALL_MOD_PATH=/media/rootfs/ modules_install

Root File System

Boot-up Message

Texas Instruments X-Loader 1.5.0 (Aug 13 2011 - 09:26:32)

Reading boot sector

Loading u-boot.bin from mmc

U-Boot 2011.06-00000-gb1af6f5-dirty (Nov 30 2011 - 01:26:10)

CPU : OMAP4430

Board: OMAP4 Panda

I2C: ready

DRAM: 1 GiB

MMC: OMAP SD/MMC: 0

Using default environment

In: serial

Out: serial

Err: serial

Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0

reading boot.scr

216 bytes read

Running bootscript from mmc0 ...

## Executing script at 82000000

reading uImage

3791548 bytes read

## Booting kernel from Legacy Image at 82000000 ...

Image Name: Linux-3.1.4

Image Type: ARM Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed)

Data Size: 3791484 Bytes = 3.6 MiB

Load Address: 80008000

Entry Point: 80008000

Verifying Checksum ... OK

OKStarting kernel ...

Uncompressing Linux... done, booting the kernel.

[ 0.000000] Linux version 3.1.4 (root@scottshu.cavium.com) (gcc version 4.5.2

(arm-cavm-201103) ) #1 SMP Fri Dec 2 10:35:55 CST 2011

[ 0.000000] CPU: ARMv7 Processor [411fc092] revision 2 (ARMv7), cr=10c53c7d

[ 0.000000] CPU: VIPT nonaliasing data cache, VIPT aliasing instruction cache

[ 0.000000] Machine: OMAP4 Panda board

[ 0.000000] Truncating RAM at 80000000-bfffffff to -afffffff (vmalloc region overlap).

[ 0.000000] Reserving 16777216 bytes SDRAM for VRAM

[ 0.000000] Memory policy: ECC disabled, Data cache writealloc

[ 0.000000] OMAP4430 ES2.2

[ 0.000000] SRAM: Mapped pa 0x40300000 to va 0xfe400000 size: 0xe000

[ 0.000000] powerdomain: waited too long for powerdomain dss_pwrdm to complete transition

[ 0.000000] PERCPU: Embedded 8 pages/cpu @c129c000 s10112 r8192 d14464 u32768

[ 0.000000] Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 190976

[ 0.000000] Kernel command line: root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw rootwait rootfstype=ext3 console=ttyO2,115200n8 vram=16M

[ 0.000000] PID hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)

[ 0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 131072 (order: 7, 524288 bytes)

[ 0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 6, 262144 bytes)

[ 0.000000] Memory: 752MB = 752MB total

[ 0.000000] Memory: 750140k/750140k available, 36292k reserved, 0K highmem

[ 0.000000] Virtual kernel memory layout:

[ 0.000000] vector : 0xffff0000 - 0xffff1000 ( 4 kB)

[ 0.000000] fixmap : 0xfff00000 - 0xfffe0000 ( 896 kB)

[ 0.000000] DMA : 0xffc00000 - 0xffe00000 ( 2 MB)

[ 0.000000] vmalloc : 0xf0800000 - 0xf8000000 ( 120 MB)

[ 0.000000] lowmem : 0xc0000000 - 0xf0000000 ( 768 MB)

[ 0.000000] modules : 0xbf000000 - 0xc0000000 ( 16 MB)

[ 0.000000] .text : 0xc0008000 - 0xc066616c (6521 kB)

[ 0.000000] .init : 0xc0667000 - 0xc06b1780 ( 298 kB)

[ 0.000000] .data : 0xc06b2000 - 0xc0738448 ( 538 kB)

[ 0.000000] .bss : 0xc073846c - 0xc0c8ec54 (5466 kB)

[ 0.000000] Hierarchical RCU implementation.

[ 0.000000] NR_IRQS:410

[ 0.000000] omap_hwmod: dpll_mpu_m2_ck: missing clockdomain for dpll_mpu_m2_ck.

[ 0.000000] OMAP clockevent source: GPTIMER1 at 32768 Hz

[ 0.000000] sched_clock: 32 bits at 32kHz, resolution 30517ns, wraps every 131071999ms

[ 0.000000] Console: colour dummy device 80x30

[ 0.000000] ... MAX_LOCKDEP_SUBCLASSES: 8

[ 0.000000] ... MAX_LOCK_DEPTH: 48

[ 0.000000] ... MAX_LOCKDEP_KEYS: 8191

[ 0.000000] ... CLASSHASH_SIZE: 4096

[ 0.000000] ... MAX_LOCKDEP_ENTRIES: 16384

[ 0.000000] ... MAX_LOCKDEP_CHAINS: 32768

[ 0.000000] ... CHAINHASH_SIZE: 16384

[ 0.000000] memory used by lock dependency info: 3695 kB

[ 0.000000] per task-struct memory footprint: 1152 bytes

[ 0.000671] Calibrating delay loop... 2007.19 BogoMIPS (lpj=7839744)

[ 0.062469] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301

[ 0.063049] Security Framework initialized

[ 0.063262] Mount-cache hash table entries: 512

[ 0.066680] CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok

[ 0.067504] Calibrating local timer... 491.68MHz.

[ 0.109588] L310 cache controller enabled

[ 0.109588] l2x0: 16 ways, CACHE_ID 0x410000c4, AUX_CTRL 0x7e470000, Cache size: 1048576 B

[ 0.111968] CPU1: Booted secondary processor

[ 0.111968] CPU1: Unknown IPI message 0x1

[ 0.178314] Brought up 2 CPUs

[ 0.178344] SMP: Total of 2 processors activated (3972.37 BogoMIPS).

[ 0.185424] omap_hwmod: l3_div_ck: missing clockdomain for l3_div_ck.

[ 0.188598] omap_hwmod: dmm: _wait_target_disable failed

[ 0.191162] omap_hwmod: emif_fw: _wait_target_disable failed

[ 0.193756] omap_hwmod: l3_main_1: _wait_target_disable failed

[ 0.196289] omap_hwmod: l3_main_2: _wait_target_disable failed

[ 0.198883] omap_hwmod: l4_abe: _wait_target_disable failed

[ 0.201446] omap_hwmod: l4_cfg: _wait_target_disable failed

[ 0.203979] omap_hwmod: l4_per: _wait_target_disable failed

[ 0.207031] omap_hwmod: l4_wkup: _wait_target_disable failed

[ 0.209594] omap_hwmod: dma_system: _wait_target_disable failed

[ 0.212219] omap_hwmod: dss_core: _wait_target_disable failed

[ 0.214782] omap_hwmod: dss_dispc: _wait_target_disable failed

[ 0.217346] omap_hwmod: dss_dsi1: _wait_target_disable failed

[ 0.219909] omap_hwmod: dss_dsi2: _wait_target_disable failed

[ 0.222473] omap_hwmod: dss_hdmi: _wait_target_disable failed

[ 0.225036] omap_hwmod: dss_rfbi: _wait_target_disable failed

[ 0.227600] omap_hwmod: dss_venc: _wait_target_disable failed

[ 0.231353] omap_hwmod: mailbox: _wait_target_disable failed

[ 0.234161] omap_hwmod: spinlock: _wait_target_disable failed

[ 0.238159] print_constraints: dummy:

[ 0.239013] NET: Registered protocol family 16

[ 0.239501] GPMC revision 6.0

[ 0.243499] omap_device: omap_gpio.0: new worst case activate latency 0: 30517

[ 0.244506] OMAP GPIO hardware version 0.1

[ 0.250335] omap_mux_init: Add partition: #1: core, flags: 2

[ 0.251708] omap_mux_init: Add partition: #2: wkup, flags: 2

[ 0.251800] error setting wl12xx data

[ 0.255065] omap_device: omap_uart.1: new worst case deactivate latency 0: 30517

[ 0.255493] omap_device: omap_uart.2: new worst case activate latency 0: 30517

[ 0.260742] hw-breakpoint: found 6 breakpoint and 1 watchpoint registers.

[ 0.260742] hw-breakpoint: 1 breakpoint(s) reserved for watchpoint single-step.

[ 0.260772] hw-breakpoint: maximum watchpoint size is 4 bytes.

[ 0.266571] OMAP DMA hardware revision 0.0

[ 0.291595] bio: create slab

at 0
[ 0.293212] print_constraints: vwl1271: 1800 mV
[ 0.295654] SCSI subsystem initialized
[ 0.295928] omap_device: omap2_mcspi.1: new worst case activate latency 0: 30517
[ 0.297302] omap_device: omap2_mcspi.3: new worst case deactivate latency 0:30517
[ 0.298919] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
[ 0.299346] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
[ 0.299652] usbcore: registered new device driver usb
[ 0.315582] omap_i2c omap_i2c.1: bus 1 rev4.0 at 400 kHz
[ 0.317840] Skipping twl internal clock init and using bootloader value (unknown osc rate)
[ 0.318695] twl6030: PIH (irq 39) chaining IRQs 368..387
[ 0.320220] machine_constraints_voltage: VUSB: failed to apply 3300000uV constraint
[ 0.321472] twl_reg twl_reg.46: can't register VUSB, -22
[ 0.321533] twl_reg: probe of twl_reg.46 failed with error -22
[ 0.322479] print_constraints: VMMC: 1200 <--> 3000 mV at 3000 mV normal standby
[ 0.323547] print_constraints: VPP: 1800 <--> 2500 mV at 1900 mV normal standby
[ 0.324310] print_constraints: VCXIO: 1800 mV normal standby
[ 0.325103] print_constraints: VDAC: 1800 mV normal standby
[ 0.326080] print_constraints: VAUX2_6030: 1200 <--> 2800 mV at 1800 mV normal standby
[ 0.327026] print_constraints: VAUX3_6030: 1000 <--> 3000 mV at 1200 mV normal standby
[ 0.327850] print_constraints: CLK32KG:
[ 0.328613] print_constraints: VANA: 2100 mV normal standby
[ 0.328857] omap_device: omap_i2c.1: new worst case deactivate latency 0: 30517
[ 0.338287] omap_i2c omap_i2c.2: bus 2 rev4.0 at 400 kHz
[ 0.353515] omap_i2c omap_i2c.3: bus 3 rev4.0 at 100 kHz
[ 0.368743] omap_i2c omap_i2c.4: bus 4 rev4.0 at 400 kHz
[ 0.372253] Switching to clocksource 32k_counter
[ 0.376373] Switched to NOHz mode on CPU #0
[ 0.378784] Switched to NOHz mode on CPU #1
[ 0.426971] NET: Registered protocol family 2
[ 0.427429] IP route cache hash table entries: 32768 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
[ 0.428588] TCP established hash table entries: 131072 (order: 8, 1048576 bytes)
[ 0.430755] TCP bind hash table entries: 65536 (order: 9, 2359296 bytes)
[ 0.447814] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 131072 bind 65536)
[ 0.447967] TCP reno registered
[ 0.447998] UDP hash table entries: 512 (order: 3, 40960 bytes)
[ 0.448303] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 512 (order: 3, 40960 bytes)
[ 0.449096] NET: Registered protocol family 1
[ 0.449920] RPC: Registered named UNIX socket transport module.
[ 0.449920] RPC: Registered udp transport module.
[ 0.449951] RPC: Registered tcp transport module.
[ 0.449951] RPC: Registered tcp NFSv4.1 backchannel transport module.
[ 0.450408] NetWinder Floating Point Emulator V0.97 (double precision)
[ 0.597229] VFS: Disk quotas dquot_6.5.2
[ 0.597412] Dquot-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order 0, 4096 bytes)
[ 0.599426] NTFS driver 2.1.30 [Flags: R/O].
[ 0.599639] JFFS2 version 2.2. (NAND) (SUMMARY) �© 2001-2006 Red Hat, Inc.
[ 0.601013] msgmni has been set to 1465
[ 0.602722] io scheduler noop registered
[ 0.602752] io scheduler deadline registered
[ 0.602844] io scheduler cfq registered (default)
[ 0.604461] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 4 ports, IRQ sharing enabled
[ 0.701080] omap_uart.0: ttyO0 at MMIO 0x4806a000 (irq = 104) is a OMAP UART0
[ 0.731903] omap_uart.1: ttyO1 at MMIO 0x4806c000 (irq = 105) is a OMAP UART1
[ 0.755340] omap_uart.2: ttyO2 at MMIO 0x48020000 (irq = 106) is a OMAP UART2
[ 1.622955] console [ttyO2] enabled
[ 1.645965] omap_uart.3: ttyO3 at MMIO 0x4806e000 (irq = 102) is a OMAP UART3
[ 1.698669] brd: module loaded
[ 1.710235] loop: module loaded
[ 1.716461] mtdoops: mtd device (mtddev=name/number) must be supplied
[ 1.723236] omap2-nand driver initializing
[ 1.727813] OneNAND driver initializing
[ 1.734863] usbcore: registered new interface driver asix
[ 1.740753] usbcore: registered new interface driver cdc_ether
[ 1.747070] usbcore: registered new interface driver net1080
[ 1.753204] usbcore: registered new interface driver cdc_subset
[ 1.759643] usbcore: registered new interface driver zaurus
[ 1.765502] cdc_ncm: 04-Aug-2011
[ 1.769104] usbcore: registered new interface driver cdc_ncm
[ 1.775970] usbcore: registered new interface driver cdc_wdm
[ 1.781890] Initializing USB Mass Storage driver...
[ 1.787231] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage
[ 1.793518] USB Mass Storage support registered.
[ 1.798919] usbcore: registered new interface driver libusual
[ 1.805175] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbtest
[ 1.811798] mousedev: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
[ 1.819641] omap_device: omap_i2c.1: new worst case activate latency 0: 91552
[ 1.827362] twl_rtc twl_rtc: Power up reset detected.
[ 1.833648] twl_rtc twl_rtc: Enabling TWL-RTC.
[ 1.840576] twl_rtc twl_rtc: rtc core: registered twl_rtc as rtc0
[ 1.847473] i2c /dev entries driver
[ 1.853088] Driver for 1-wire Dallas network protocol.
[ 1.859313] omap_device: omap_wdt.-1: new worst case activate latency 0: 91552
[ 1.867767] OMAP Watchdog Timer Rev 0x00: initial timeout 60 sec
[ 1.880187] omap_device: omap_hsmmc.4: new worst case activate latency 0: 30517
[ 1.888793] omap_device: omap_hsmmc.0: new worst case activate latency 0: 61035
[ 1.897125] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid
[ 1.902954] usbhid: USB HID core driver
[ 1.907073] oprofile: hardware counters not available
[ 1.912353] oprofile: using timer interrupt.
[ 1.917175] TCP cubic registered
[ 1.920593] Initializing XFRM netlink socket
[ 1.925109] NET: Registered protocol family 17
[ 1.929809] NET: Registered protocol family 15
[ 1.934600] Registering the dns_resolver key type
[ 1.939788] VFP support v0.3: implementor 41 architecture 3 part 30 variant 9 rev 1
[ 1.947845] ThumbEE CPU extension supported.
[ 1.958312] Power Management for TI OMAP4.
[ 1.979187] clock: disabling unused clocks to save power
[ 1.987152] regulator_init_complete: VANA: incomplete constraints, leaving on
[ 1.996154] regulator_init_complete: VDAC: incomplete constraints, leaving on
[ 2.004150] regulator_init_complete: VCXIO: incomplete constraints, leaving on
[ 2.013397] twl_rtc twl_rtc: setting system clock to 2000-01-01 00:00:00 UTC(946684800)
[ 2.023925] Waiting for root device /dev/mmcblk0p2...
[ 2.204864] mmc0: host does not support reading read-only switch. assuming write-enable.
[ 2.213439] mmc0: new SDHC card at address aaaa
[ 2.219818] mmcblk0: mmc0:aaaa SD08G 7.40 GiB
[ 2.228607] mmcblk0: p1 p2
[ 2.261932] kjournald starting. Commit interval 5 seconds
[ 2.278076] EXT3-fs (mmcblk0p2): using internal journal
[ 2.283782] EXT3-fs (mmcblk0p2): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode
[ 2.291168] VFS: Mounted root (ext3 filesystem) on device 179:2.
[ 2.297729] Freeing init memory: 296K
INIT: [ 2.450866] omap_device: omap_hsmmc.4: new worst case deactivate latency 0: 30517
version 2.86 booting
Please wait: booting...
Starting udev
[ 2.898681] udevd (554): /proc/554/oom_adj is deprecated, please use /proc/554/oom_score_adj instead.
[ 3.153900] omap_device: omap_hsmmc.0: new worst case deactivate latency 0: 61035
[ 4.684570] alignment: ignoring faults is unsafe on this CPU. Defaulting tofixup mode.
Remounting root file system...
Caching udev devnodes
Populating dev cache
ALSA: Restoring mixer settings...
Configuring network interfaces... /usr/sbin/alsactl: load_state:1625: No soundca
rds found...
ifconfig: SIOCGIFFLAGS: No such device
done.
Starting portmap daemon: portmap.
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 1
Mon Nov 21 18:17:00 UTC 2011
INIT: Entering runlevel: 5
Starting system message bus: dbus.
Starting Dropbear SSH server: dropbear.
Starting advanced power management daemon: No APM support in kernel
(failed.)
Starting syslogd/klogd: done
* Starting Avahi mDNS/DNS-SD Daemon: avahi-daemon
...done.

omap4430-panda login: root
root@omap4430-panda:~#
root@omap4430-panda:~# uname -a
Linux omap4430-panda 3.1.4 #1 SMP Fri Dec 2 10:35:55 CST 2011 armv7l unknown
root@omap4430-panda:~# cat /proc/interrupts
CPU0 CPU1
39: 2 0 GIC TWL6030-PIH
41: 0 0 GIC l3-dbg-irq
42: 0 0 GIC l3-app-irq
44: 1813 0 GIC DMA
52: 0 0 GIC gpmc
69: 14 0 GIC gp timer
88: 245 0 GIC omap_i2c
89: 0 0 GIC omap_i2c
91: 13 0 GIC mmc1
93: 0 0 GIC omap_i2c
94: 0 0 GIC omap_i2c
102: 0 0 GIC serial idle
104: 0 0 GIC serial idle
105: 0 0 GIC serial idle
106: 169 0 GIC serial idle, OMAP UART2
115: 3072 0 GIC mmc0
379: 0 0 twl6030 rtc0
384: 1 0 twl6030
IPI0: 0 0 Timer broadcast interrupts
IPI1: 1282 1565 Rescheduling interrupts
IPI2: 0 0 Function call interrupts
IPI3: 16 118 Single function call interrupts
IPI4: 0 0 CPU stop interrupts
LOC: 1853 1976 Local timer interrupts
Err: 0

root@omap4430-panda:~# cat /proc/iomem
00000000-00000000 : omap_wdt
00000000-00000000 : omap-mcbsp.4
00000000-00000000 : omap-mcbsp.3
00000000-00000000 : omap-mcbsp.3
00000000-00000000 : omap-mcbsp.2
00000000-00000000 : omap-mcbsp.2
00000000-00000000 : omap-mcbsp.1
00000000-00000000 : omap-mcbsp.1
00000000-00000000 : omap_dma_system.0
00000000-00000000 : omap2_mcspi.4
00000000-00000000 : omap2_mcspi.3
00000000-00000000 : omap2_mcspi.2
00000000-00000000 : omap2_mcspi.1
00000000-00000000 : omapdss_hdmi
00000000-00000000 : omapdss_hdmi
00000000-00000000 : omapdss_dsi2
00000000-00000000 : omapdss_dsi2
00000000-00000000 : omapdss_dsi1
00000000-00000000 : omapdss_dsi1
00000000-00000000 : omapdss_venc
00000000-00000000 : omapdss_venc
00000000-00000000 : omapdss_rfbi
00000000-00000000 : omapdss_rfbi
00000000-00000000 : omapdss_dispc
00000000-00000000 : omapdss_dispc
00000000-00000000 : omapdss_dss
00000000-00000000 : omapdss_dss
00000000-00000000 : musb-omap2430
00000000-00000000 : omap_hsmmc.4
00000000-00000000 : omap_hsmmc.0
00000000-00000000 : omap_uart.3
00000000-00000000 : omap_uart.2
00000000-00000000 : omap_uart.1
00000000-00000000 : omap_uart.0
00000000-00000000 : omap_i2c.4
00000000-00000000 : omap_i2c.3
00000000-00000000 : omap_i2c.2
00000000-00000000 : omap_i2c.1
00000000-00000000 : omap_hwspinlock.0
00000000-00000000 : omap_gpio.5
00000000-00000000 : omap_gpio.4
00000000-00000000 : omap_gpio.3
00000000-00000000 : omap_gpio.2
00000000-00000000 : omap_gpio.1
00000000-00000000 : omap_gpio.0
00000000-00000000 : iva.0
00000000-00000000 : l3_main_1.0
00000000-00000000 : omap_l3_noc.0
00000000-00000000 : omap_l3_noc.0
00000000-00000000 : omap_l3_noc.0
40122000-401220ff : mpu
40124000-401240ff : mpu
40126000-401260ff : mpu
44000000-44000fff : l3_main_1.0
44000000-44000fff : omap_l3_noc.0
44800000-44801fff : omap_l3_noc.0
45000000-45000fff : omap_l3_noc.0
48020000-480200ff : omap_uart.2
48020000-480200ff : omap_uart
48040000-4804007f : omapdss_dss
48041000-48041fff : omapdss_dispc
48042000-480420ff : omapdss_rfbi
48043000-480430ff : omapdss_venc
48044000-480441ff : omapdss_dsi1
48045000-480451ff : omapdss_dsi2
48046000-48046fff : omapdss_hdmi
48055000-480551ff : omap_gpio.1
48057000-480571ff : omap_gpio.2
48059000-480591ff : omap_gpio.3
4805b000-4805b1ff : omap_gpio.4
4805d000-4805d1ff : omap_gpio.5
48060000-480600ff : omap_i2c.3
48060000-480600ff : omap_i2c
4806a000-4806a0ff : omap_uart.0
4806a000-4806a0ff : omap_uart
4806c000-4806c0ff : omap_uart.1
4806c000-4806c0ff : omap_uart
4806e000-4806e0ff : omap_uart.3
4806e000-4806e0ff : omap_uart
48070000-480700ff : omap_i2c.1
48070000-480700ff : omap_i2c
48072000-480720ff : omap_i2c.2
48072000-480720ff : omap_i2c
48096000-480960ff : omap-mcbsp.4
48098100-480982ff : omap2_mcspi.1
48098100-480982ff : omap2_mcspi.1
4809a100-4809a2ff : omap2_mcspi.2
4809a100-4809a2ff : omap2_mcspi.2
4809c100-4809c4ff : omap_hsmmc.0
4809c100-4809c4ff : omap_hsmmc
480a0000-480a004f : omap_rng
480b8100-480b82ff : omap2_mcspi.3
480b8100-480b82ff : omap2_mcspi.3
480ba100-480ba2ff : omap2_mcspi.4
480ba100-480ba2ff : omap2_mcspi.4
480d5100-480d54ff : omap_hsmmc.4
480d5100-480d54ff : omap_hsmmc
48350000-483500ff : omap_i2c.4
48350000-483500ff : omap_i2c
49022000-490220ff : dma
49024000-490240ff : dma
49026000-490260ff : dma
4a056000-4a056fff : omap_dma_system.0
4a0ab000-4a0ab003 : musb-omap2430
4a0f6000-4a0f6fff : omap_hwspinlock.0
4a310000-4a3101ff : omap_gpio.0
4a314000-4a31407f : omap_wdt
4a314000-4a31407f : omap_wdt
58000000-5800007f : omapdss_dss
58001000-58001fff : omapdss_dispc
58002000-580020ff : omapdss_rfbi
58003000-580030ff : omapdss_venc
58004000-580041ff : omapdss_dsi1
58005000-580051ff : omapdss_dsi2
58006000-58006fff : omapdss_hdmi
5a000000-5a07ffff : iva.0
80000000-aeffffff : System RAM
80008000-8066616b : Kernel text
806b2000-80c8ec53 : Kernel data

root@omap4430-panda:~# cat /proc/cpuinfo
Processor : ARMv7 Processor rev 2 (v7l)
processor : 0
BogoMIPS : 2007.19

processor : 1
BogoMIPS : 1956.77

Features : swp half thumb fastmult vfp edsp thumbee neon vfpv3 tls
CPU implementer : 0x41
CPU architecture: 7
CPU variant : 0x1
CPU part : 0xc09
CPU revision : 2

Hardware : OMAP4 Panda board
Revision : 0020
Serial : 0000000000000000

htop output (while running lmbench-cache test)

Dennis Ritchie 逝世

2011-10-12T06:00:00.005+08:00

The creator of the C programming language.
The key developer of the UNIX operating system.

Photo from http://www.webadictos.com.mx/2011/10/13/fallece-dennis-ritchie/

Steve Jobs 逝世

2011-10-06T06:00:00.001+08:00

Cortex-A9 OMAP4430

2011-09-21T18:45:00.009+08:00

Cortex-A9 OMAP4430

Purchased from Digi-Key. Shipped by UPS.

Unpacking PandaBoard

Other Required Accessories
1. 5V Power Supply
2. USB to Serial Cable (pl2303 converter)
3. Ethernet Cable
4. USB Cable
5. USB Flash Drive
6. SD Memory Card
7. HDMI Cable
8. JTAG Cable

Copy from http://pandaboard.org/sites/default/files/board_setup_v3.png

Pre-build Root File System for ARM Platform

2011-09-16T17:41:00.005+08:00

Fedora RFS:

Download

RPMs:
http://archives.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora-secondary/development/arm/os/Packages/

Ubuntu RFS:

Download

Build Online:
http://narcissus.angstrom-distribution.org

ARM Coprocessor

2011-08-11T13:12:00.002+08:00

CP10: Single-Precision Vector Floating Point Coprocessor

CP11: Double-Precision Vector Floating Point Coprocessor

CP14: Debug Coprocessor / Hardware Acceleration of Java Bytecodes

CP15: System Control Coprocessor

Power Management in Linux

2011-07-13T19:42:00.001+08:00

pm-utils

Reference:
http://wiki.linuxmce.org/index.php/Suspend

Linux SCSI Subsystem

2011-06-14T15:13:00.003+08:00

Reference:
http://www.t10.org
Linux SCSI Subsystem

ARM Qemu

2011-06-14T13:34:00.011+08:00

Qemu

Qemu

[ ]# mkdir /home/qemu
[ ]# cd /home/qemu/
[ ]# git clone git://git.qemu.org/qemu.git qemu-git
[ ]# cd qemu-git/
[ ]# ./configure --target-list="arm-softmmu"
[ ]# make
[ ]# cp arm-softmmu/qemu-system-arm /usr/bin/

Or
http://download.savannah.gnu.org/releases/qemu/qemu-0.14.1.tar.gz

U-boot

[ ]# cd /home/qemu/
[ ]# wget http://ftp.denx.de/pub/u-boot/u-boot-2010.03.tar.bz2
[ ]# cd u-boot-2010.03
[ ]# make versatilepb_config ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-
[ ]# make all ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-
[ ]# qemu-system-arm -M versatilepb -m 128M -nographic -kernel u-boot.bin

U-Boot 2010.03 (Jun 15 2011 - 14:38:26)

DRAM: 0 kB

## Unknown FLASH on Bank 1 - Size = 0x00000000 = 0 MB

Flash: 0 kB

*** Warning - bad CRC, using default environment

In: serial

Out: serial

Err: serial

Net: SMC91111-0

VersatilePB # print

bootargs=root=/dev/nfs mem=128M ip=dhcp netdev=25,0,0xf1010000,0xf1010010,eth0

bootdelay=2

baudrate=38400

bootfile="/tftpboot/uImage"

stdin=serial

stdout=serial

stderr=serial

verify=n

ethact=SMC91111-0

Environment size: 202/8188 bytes

VersatilePB #

Simple "Hello World!" Root File System

[ ]# cd /home/qemu/
[ ]# echo "#include " > test.c
[ ]# echo "int main() {" >> test.c
[ ]# echo -e '\tprintf("Hello World!\\n");' >> test.c
[ ]# echo -e "return 0;" >> test.c
[ ]# echo "}" >> test.c

[ ]# arm-linux-gcc -static test.c -o test
[ ]# echo test | cpio -o --format=newc > rootfs

ARM Linux Versatile (ARMv5)
[ ]# cd /home/qemu/
[ ]# wget http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/longterm/v2.6.35/linux-2.6.35.12.tar.bz2
[ ]# tar jxvf linux-2.6.35.12.tar.bz2
[ ]# cd linux-2.6.35.12
[ ]# make ARCH=arm versatile_defconfig
[ ]# make ARCH=arm menuconfig

Enabling EABI support in the kernel. (CONFIG_AEABI=y, CONFIG_OABI_COMPAT=y)

[ ]# make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux- all
[ ]# qemu-system-arm -M versatilepb -m 128M -kernel arch/arm/boot/zImage -initrd rootfs -serial stdio -append "console=ttyAMA0 root=/dev/ram rdinit=/test"

You can use “-nographic” instead of “-serial stdio” to launch QEMU without opening another window, but then to close it you have to type Ctrl-A and then “x”.

How to install Qemu in Linux for Versatile Express platform
Processor: Cortex A9

COREMU

Linux Kernel Tracer

2011-06-12T19:33:00.001+08:00

# mount -t debugfs nodev /sys/kernel/debug

# cat /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/available_tracers
wakeup preemptirqsoff preemptoff irqsoff function sched_switch nop

# cat /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/current_tracer
nop

# echo sched_switch > /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/current_tracer
# cat /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/current_tracer
sched_switch

# cat /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/trace_options
noprint-parent nosym-offset nosym-addr noverbose

# echo print-parent > /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/trace_options

# echo 1 > /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/tracing_enabled
# cat /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/trace > /tmp/trace.txt
# echo 0 > /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/tracing_enabled

OProfile on ARM Linux

2011-06-09T03:17:00.007+08:00

How to compile OProfile

binutils

[ ]#./configure \
     --target=arm-linux \
     --host=arm-linux \
     --build=i686-pc-linux-gnu \
     --enable-shared \
     --prefix=/home/oprofile/binutils-stable_bin \
     --disable-nls --disable-poison-system-directories

[ ]#make
[ ]#make install

oprofile-0.9.6

[ ]#./configure --with-linux=/home/linux-2.6.35.12-cavm1 \
     --with-kernel-support \
     --disable-optimization \
     --disable-werror \
     --target=arm-linux \
     --host=arm-linux \
     --build=i686-pc-linux-gnu \
     --enable-static \
     --with-binutils=/home/oprofile/binutils-stable_bin \
     --prefix=/home/oprofile/oprofile-0.9.6_bin

[ ]#make

How to use OProfile on ARM platform

$ opcontrol --reset
$ opcontrol --init
$ opcontrol --start --vmlinux=/tmp/vmlinux --session-dir=/tmp/linux
$ opcontrol --start-daemon

$ opcontrol --dump
$ opcontrol --save=output
$ opreport --session-dir=/tmp/linux session:output -l image:/tmp/vmlinux

Reference:
http://friendalways.blogspot.com/2009/11/oprofile-on-arm-linux.html

HD over Wireless

2011-06-08T11:14:00.004+08:00

1. WiVu: Cavium
2. WiDi (Wireless Display): Intel
3. WiHD (Wireless HD): Intel, ...
4. WiGig: Wilocity (Atheros)
5. WHDI: AMIMON, Sibeam ()

aclocal.m4 Error

2011-05-10T00:44:00.002+08:00

aclocal.m4:14: error: this file was generated for autoconf 2.61.
You have another version of autoconf. If you want to use that,
you should regenerate the build system entirely.
aclocal.m4:14: the top level
autom4te: /usr/bin/m4 failed with exit status: 63
make: *** [configure] Error 1

Running aclocal to create aclocal.m4
[ ]# aclocal
Running autoheader to create config.h.in
[ ]# autoheader
Running automake to create Makefile.in
[ ]# automake
Running autoconf to create configure
[ ]# autoconf

Run ./configure and then make to compile the code
[ ]# ./configure
[ ]# make

How to install CodeSourcery ARM Cross-Compiler on Mac

2011-04-30T12:08:00.005+08:00

ARM EABI Version
RTOS systems or bare metal systems where no operating system is present. These configurations should not be used to build Linux kernels or applications.

The source tarball includes:
binutils-2010.09-51.tar.bz2
cloog-2010.09-51.tar.bz2
coreutils-2010.09-51.tar.bz2
expat-2010.09-51.tar.bz2
gcc-2010.09-51.tar.bz2
gdb-2010.09-51.tar.bz2
gmp-2010.09-51.tar.bz2
libelf-2010.09-51.tar.bz2
libiconv-2010.09-51.tar.bz2
make-2010.09-51.tar.bz2
mpc-2010.09-51.tar.bz2
mpfr-2010.09-51.tar.bz2
newlib-2010.09-51.tar.bz2
ppl-2010.09-51.tar.bz2
zlib-2010.09-51.tar.bz2

How to rebuild the toolchain from CodeSourcery released source tarball
$ git clone https://github.com/jsnyder/arm-eabi-toolchain.git
$ cd arm-eabi-toolchain
$ sudo make install-deps
$ sudo make install-cross

$ export PATH=$HOME/arm-cs-tools/bin:$PATH

ARM GNU/Linux Version
Systems running full Linux, i.e., Linux on CPUs with an MMU. Use Sourcery G++ to build both the Linux kernel and applications.

The source tarball includes:
The difference between these 2 versions are the C library and, of course, the Linux kernel source code.
glibc-2010.09-50.tar.bz2
glibc_localedef-2010.09-50.tar.bz2
glibc_ports-2010.09-50.tar.bz2

Reference:
1. https://github.com/jsnyder/arm-eabi-toolchain
2.

Mac Developer Centor

2011-04-29T15:11:00.007+08:00

Apple Mac Dev Center

Download GCC Compiler Xcode 3.2.6 and iOS SDK 4.3

Install GIT
http://code.google.com/p/git-osx-installer/

Or using macports
$ sudo port selfupdate
$ sudo port install git-core +svn

For cross-compiler, the "--build" and "--host" are change to x86_64-apple-darwin10.0
sh-3.2# echo $MACHTYPE
x86_64-apple-darwin10.0

TuxScreen

2011-03-25T22:20:00.002+08:00

A interesting gift from my friend! Thanks Descent.

The TuxScreen Phone is a limited edition StrongARM Linux project platform. Actually, StrongARM is the first ARM-based SoC that I have used in my career.

Reference:
sourceforge.net
tuxscreen.net
https://www.taupro.com/Projects/Hardware/TuxScreen

[C] Use Register Variables for Performance

2011-03-18T13:30:00.000+08:00

Sample Code:

HOWTO install OpenOCD in Fedora 14

2011-03-18T13:13:00.019+08:00

Compile OpenOCD
[ ]# mkdir /home/OpenOCD
[ ]# cd /home/OpenOCD

Download FT2xxx USB-UART drivers from FTDI Ltd
[ ]# wget http://www.ftdichip.com/Drivers/D2XX/Linux/libftd2xx0.4.16.tar.gz
[ ]# tar zxvf libftd2xx0.4.16.tar.gz
[ ]# cd libftd2xx0.4.16
[ ]# cp ftd2xx.h WinTypes.h /usr/include/
[ ]# cp libftd2xx.so.0.4.16 /usr/lib/libftd2xx.so.0.4.16
[ ]# ln -sf /usr/lib/libftd2xx.so.0.4.16 /usr/lib/libftd2xx.so.0.4
[ ]# ln -sf /usr/lib/libftd2xx.so.0.4.16 /usr/lib/libftd2xx.so.0
[ ]# ln -sf /usr/lib/libftd2xx.so.0.4.16 /usr/lib/libftd2xx.so

Download/Compile latest OpenOCD from GIT:
[ ]# cd /home/OpenOCD
[ ]# git clone git://openocd.git.sourceforge.net/gitroot/openocd/openocd
[ ]# cd openocd
[ ]# ./bootstrap
[ ]# ./configure --enable-maintainer-mode --enable-ft2232_ftd2xx
[ ]# make
[ ]# make install

Or Download/Compile OpenOCD 4.0 tarball
[ ]# wget http://download.berlios.de/openocd/openocd-0.4.0.tar.bz2
[ ]# tar jxvf openocd-0.4.0.tar.bz2
[ ]# cd openocd-0.4.0
[ ]# ./configure --enable-maintainer-mode --enable-ft2232_ftd2xx
[ ]# make
[ ]# make install

What OpenOCD can do for a developer
1. Read/Write register on your target
2. Read/Write memory on your target
3. Program flash chips
4. GDB
5. more...

How to use OpenOCD

Running OpenOCD on Cavium Networks CNS3000/CNW5000 Platform

[ ]# ./openocd -f openocd-cnx.cfg

Open On-Chip Debugger 0.4.0 (2011-03-22-03:04)

Licensed under GNU GPL v2

For bug reports, read

http://openocd.berlios.de/doc/doxygen/bugs.html

6000 kHz

trst_and_srst separate srst_gates_jtag trst_push_pull srst_open_drain

jtag_ntrst_delay: 100

jtag_nsrst_delay: 100

Info : device: 4 "2232C"

Info : deviceID: 341266712

Info : SerialNumber:

Info : Description: USB<=>JTAG&RS232 A

Info : clock speed 6000 kHz

Info : JTAG tap: arm11.cpu tap/device found: 0x07b37477 (mfg: 0x23b, part: 0x7b37, ver: 0x0)

Warn : JTAG tap: arm11.cpu UNEXPECTED: 0x07b37477 (mfg: 0x23b, part: 0x7b37, ver: 0x0)

Error: JTAG tap: arm11.cpu expected 1 of 1: 0xffffffff (mfg: 0x7ff, part: 0xffff, ver: 0xf)

Error: Trying to use configured scan chain anyway...

Warn : Bypassing JTAG setup events due to errors

Info : found ARM11 MPCore

Info : arm11.cpu: hardware has 6 breakpoints, 2 watchpoints

Info : accepting 'telnet' connection from 0

TargetName Type Endian TapName State

-- ------------------ ---------- ------ ------------------ ------------

0* arm11.cpu arm11 little arm11.cpu halted

Recover u-boot
[ ]# telnet localhost 4444
> halt
target state: halted
target halted in ARM state due to debug-request, current mode: Supervisor
cpsr: 0x600001d3 pc: 0x000146c4
> flash probe 0
Flash Manufacturer/Device: 0x0001 0x227e
configuration specifies 0x800000 size, but a 0x1000000 size flash was found
flash 'cfi' found at 0x10000000
> flash list
{name cfi base 268435456 size 8388608 bus_width 2 chip_width 2}
> flash info 0
#0 : cfi at 0x10000000, size 0x00800000, buswidth 2, chipwidth 2
# 0: 0x00000000 (0x20000 128kB) protection state unknown
# 1: 0x00020000 (0x20000 128kB) protection state unknown
# 2: 0x00040000 (0x20000 128kB) protection state unknown
. . .
#125: 0x00fa0000 (0x20000 128kB) protection state unknown
#126: 0x00fc0000 (0x20000 128kB) protection state unknown
#127: 0x00fe0000 (0x20000 128kB) protection state unknown

cfi information:
mfr: 0x0001, id:0x227e
qry: 'QRY', pri_id: 0x0002, pri_addr: 0x0040, alt_id: 0x0000, alt_addr: 0x0000
Vcc min: 2.7, Vcc max: 3.6, Vpp min: 0.0, Vpp max: 0.0
typ. word write timeout: 64, typ. buf write timeout: 64, typ. block erase timeout: 512, typ. chip erase timeout: 524288
max. word write timeout: 512, max. buf write timeout: 2048, max. block erase timeout: 4096, max. chip erase timeout: 2097152
size: 0x1000000, interface desc: 2, max buffer write size: 40

Spansion primary algorithm extend information:
pri: 'PRI', version: 1.3
Silicon Rev.: 0x5, Address Sensitive unlock: 0x0
Erase Suspend: 0x2, Sector Protect: 0x1
VppMin: 11.5, VppMax: 12.5

> flash erase_address 0x10000000 0x40000
erased address 0x10000000 (length 262144) in 1.737926s (147.302 kb/s)
> flash write_bank 0 /tftpboot/u-boot.bin 0
No working memory available. Specify -work-area-phys to target.
Programming at 10000000, count 000295d8 bytes remaining
Programming at 10000100, count 000294d8 bytes remaining
. . .
Programming at 10029300, count 000002d8 bytes remaining
Programming at 10029400, count 000001d8 bytes remaining
Programming at 10029500, count 000000d8 bytes remaining
wrote 169432 bytes from file /tftpboot/u-boot.bin to flash bank 0 at offset 0x00000000 in 810.315613s (0.204 kb/s)
> reset

Disassemble u-boot

[ ]# telnet localhost 4444
> halt
> arm disassemble 0x10000000
core state: ARM
0x00989680 0xfdfefbfd LDC2L p11, c15, [r14, #244]!
0x10000000 0xea000013 B 0x10000054
0x10000004 0xe59ff014 LDR r15, [r15, #0x14]
0x10000008 0xe59ff014 LDR r15, [r15, #0x14]
0x10000000 0xea000013 B 0x10000054
0x10000004 0xe59ff014 LDR r15, [r15, #0x14]
0x10000008 0xe59ff014 LDR r15, [r15, #0x14]
0x1000000c 0xe59ff014 LDR r15, [r15, #0x14]
0x10000010 0xe59ff014 LDR r15, [r15, #0x14]
0x10000014 0xe59ff014 LDR r15, [r15, #0x14]
0x10000018 0xe59ff014 LDR r15, [r15, #0x14]
0x1000001c 0xe59ff014 LDR r15, [r15, #0x14]
0x10000020 0x00000120 ANDEQ r0, r0, r0, LSR #0x2
0x10000024 0x00000180 ANDEQ r0, r0, r0, LSL #0x3
0x10000028 0x000001e0 ANDEQ r0, r0, r0, ROR #0x3
0x1000002c 0x00000240 ANDEQ r0, r0, r0, ASR #0x4
0x10000030 0x000002a0 ANDEQ r0, r0, r0, LSR #0x5
0x10000034 0x00000300 ANDEQ r0, r0, r0, LSL #0x6
0x10000038 0x00000360 ANDEQ r0, r0, r0, ROR #0x6
0x1000003c 0xdeadbeef CDPLE p14, 0x0a, c11, c13, c15, 0x07
0x10000040 0x00000000 ANDEQ r0, r0, r0
0x10000044 0x00000000 ANDEQ r0, r0, r0
0x10000048 0x08000000 STMDAEQ r0, i??i??i}
0x1000004c 0x000295d8 LDREQD r9, [r2], -r8
0x10000050 0x00071600 ANDEQ r1, r7, r0, LSL #0xc
0x10000054 0xe10f0000 MRS r0, CPSR
0x10000058 0xe3c0001f BIC r0, r0, #0x1f
0x1000005c 0xe38000d3 ORR r0, r0, #0xd3
...

Here is what I used to try -- [$800 NT, $30 USD]
OpenJTAG ARM JTAG USB

The man page for ARM11 CPU

(Download)

J-Link JTAG Interface

[ ]# ./configure --enable-jlink --enable-maintainer-mode
[ ]# make
[ ]# ./src/openocd -f openocd-cnx-jlink.cfg

Open On-Chip Debugger 0.4.0 (2011-03-28-18:03)

Licensed under GNU GPL v2

For bug reports, read

http://openocd.berlios.de/doc/doxygen/bugs.html

10000 kHz

trst_and_srst separate srst_gates_jtag trst_push_pull srst_open_drain

jtag_ntrst_delay: 100

jtag_nsrst_delay: 100

Info : J-Link initialization started / target CPU reset initiated

Info : J-Link ARM V7 compiled Jun 30 2009 11:05:27

Info : JLink caps 0xb9ff7bbf

Info : JLink hw version 70000

Info : JLink max mem block 9152

Info : Vref = 3.293 TCK = 1 TDI = 0 TDO = 0 TMS = 0 SRST = 0 TRST = 0

Info : J-Link JTAG Interface ready

Info : clock speed 10000 kHz

Info : JTAG tap: arm11.cpu tap/device found: 0x07b37477 (mfg: 0x23b, part: 0x7b37, ver: 0x0)

Info : found ARM11 MPCore

Info : arm11.cpu: hardware has 6 breakpoints, 2 watchpoints

Info : accepting 'telnet' connection from 0

Reference:
http://psas.pdx.edu/OlimexLPC2148Setup
http://scottshulinux.blogspot.com/2008/12/jtag-cable.html
http://scottshulinux.blogspot.com/2008/10/open-on-chip-debugger.html

Android 3.0 SDK

2011-03-11T03:25:00.004+08:00

The Android 3.0 platform is available as a downloadable component for the Android SDK.

Install the Android SDK in Mac OS (MacBook Air)

scottshu$ cd /Users/scottshu/android-sdk-mac_x86
scottshu$ tools/android update sdk

Install the ADT (Android Developments Tools) Plugin for Eclipse.
ADT plugin for Eclipse

Add Android platforms and other components to your SDK.

Reference:
http://developer.android.com/sdk/installing.html

ARM TrustZone

2011-03-08T17:06:00.003+08:00

Background

Software Architecture

Linux Kernel

Application

Secure Boot

Secure Applications

Code

ARM GCC Inline Assembler

2011-03-08T09:01:00.001+08:00

GCC-Inline-Assembly-HOWTO

Reference:
1. http://www.ethernut.de/en/documents/arm-inline-asm.html

GPU

2011-03-04T01:34:00.001+08:00

2D
OpenVG 1.1

3D
OpenGL ES 1.1/2.0

Direct3D Mobile

ARM History

2011-03-01T22:56:00.001+08:00

Handheld CPUs: Past, Present and Future

Multicore for Portables

Jazelle

2011-02-23T11:19:00.000+08:00

Jazelle technology is found in many ARM cores. It provides hardware acceleration of managed execution environments such as Java and Microsoft Compact Framework.

Two variants of Jazelle acceleration exist:

Jazelle DBX (Direct Bytecode eXecution) - provides hardware execution of most Java bytecodes.

Jazelle RCT (Run-time Compilation Target) - provides generic extensions to accelerate AOT (ahead-of-time) and JIT (just-in-time) compilation of Java and other execution environment applications.

JTEKTM - Java Technology Enabling Kit - is a software component that can be integrated into an existing JVM (Java Virtual Machine) in order to enable Jazelle hardware acceleration.

This acceleration is completely transparent from the Java developer's point of view - no modifications are required in the application code to take advantage of the acceleration.

RCU

2011-02-22T20:19:00.000+08:00

Read-Copy Update (RCU)

As an example of real-world use of RCU, consider the network routing tables. Every outgoing packet requires a check of the routing tables to determine which interface should be used. The check is fast, and, once the kernel has found the target interface, it no longer needs the routing table entry. RCU allows route lookups to be performed without locking, with significant performance benefits. The Starmode radio IP driver in the kernel also uses RCU to keep track of its list of devices. (Copy from LDD3)

IEEE 802.3 working group

2011-02-15T14:48:00.001+08:00

IEEE 802.3™: CSMA/CD (Ethernet) ACCESS METHOD

Download

See:
IEEE 802.11 working group

MacBook Air

2011-02-14T22:34:00.003+08:00

Year 0

RGMII

2011-02-11T18:17:00.002+08:00

MDIO Read Operation

MDIO Write Operation

Reference:
1. MDIO Background

DRAM

2011-02-10T21:33:00.005+08:00

DDR2 SDRAM (Double Data Rate 2)

ODT (On Die Termination)
A very short introduction here.

OCD (Off-chip Driver) Calibration
A very short introduction here.

Posted CAS (Column Address Strobe) Additive Latency

DDR3

ARM NEON SIMD

2011-02-07T17:50:00.001+08:00

NEON

Optimizing

Performance

Reference:
1. ARM
2. Optimizing Embedded Software - A Look at the NEON SIMD unit in the ARM Cortex Family of Processors

RTL

2011-01-20T19:37:00.002+08:00

RTL
RTL stands for Register Transfer Level. It is a high-level hardware description language (HDL) used for defining digital circuits. The most popular RTL languages are VHDL and Verilog.

CES 2011: Cavium Shows Off WiVu Wireless HDMI 1.4 Technology - Streams 1080p

2011-01-08T12:08:00.002+08:00

SLAB/SLUB/SLOB

2011-01-04T23:04:00.003+08:00

Linux Memory Management

Buddy System

Allocate 4KB (PAGE_SIZE)

Page based memory

Slab Allocator

Allocate smaller than 4KB

Object based memory

SLAB Allocaror

SLUB Allocaror

SLOB Allocaror

Reference:

Linux Kernel Heap Tampering Detection

Linux RAID framework

2010-12-30T03:19:00.012+08:00

Software RAID implementations

Multiple Device (MD) subsystem
Device Mapper (DM)
Btrfs filesystem

The main jobs for RAID

(1) RAID management tasks

(2) The exclusive-or (XOR) computations

The XOR computation can be performed on CPU

The XOR computation can be performed on disk drives

For example: Write operation to a RAID 5 disk array

1. Read "old" data from the data drive.
2. Read "old" parity data from the parity drive.
3. XOR the old data from the data drive with the old parity data from the parity drive.
4. Write the new data to the data drive.
5. XOR the new data with the parity data and write the result to the parity drive.

Hardware Solution: XOR hardware engines for parity calculations

The hardware engines typically consist of a high-speed memory buffer and a XOR calculator/sequencer.

RAID Level Comparison

GPU system on Linux

2010-12-30T03:02:00.003+08:00

Linux Framebuffer

Useful Commands

2010-10-25T21:58:00.007+08:00

Diff 2 directories and ignoring svn directories.

diff -Naur --exclude=".svn" /home/u-boot.orig /home/u-boot-new

Replace string

find ./ -type f -exec sed -i 's/ori_string/new_string/' {} \;

RPM commands
Downgrade package, for example, make

yum --nogpgcheck --releasever=13 downgrade make

Vim commands
How to edit a column (Insert a specific word to the column, for example, // in C file)
1. [Ctrl] + [v] to go into column mode
2. Select the columns and rows where you want to enter your text
3. [Shift] + [i] to go into insert mode in column mode
4. Type in the text you want to enter.
5. Esc to apply your change (or alternately [Ctrl]+[c])
Or press [Esc] twice

How to edit a column (Replace a specific word to the column, for example, // in C file)
1. [Ctrl] + [v] to go into column mode
2. Select the columns and rows where you want to enter your text
3. [c] to go replace mode in column mode
4. Type in the text you want to enter.
5. Esc to apply your change (or alternately [Ctrl]+[c])
Or press [Esc] [Esc]

VMM

2010-10-18T17:15:00.003+08:00

VMM Central

SystemVerilog Reference Verification Methodology: VMM Adoption

Boot code for OneNAND flash

2010-10-17T20:46:00.001+08:00

1st bootloader (IPL (Initial Program Loader), 1KB)
2nd bootloader (U-Boot, 128KB)

Source code: u-boot

TCP/IP Offload

2010-10-04T14:49:00.022+08:00

TCP Offload Engine (TOE)
http://lwn.net/Articles/148697
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP_Offload_Engine

Large Segment Offload (LSO), Large Send Offload (LSO)
TCP Segmentation offload (TSO)
LSO is a technique for increasing outbound throughput of high-bandwidth network connections by reducing CPU overhead.

A host with TSO-enabled hardware sends TCP data to the NIC without segmenting the data in software. The NIC will perform TCP segmentation.

This technology shift the data segmentation effort from CPU to network controller, so the checksum will also generated by the network controller (Hardware Checksum).

In Linux, we can disable this function by issue the following command:
[ ]# ethtool -K eth0 tso off

show all the offload information for a specified interface
[ ]# ethtool -k eth0

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP_segmentation_offloading
http://www.linuxfoundation.org/collaborate/workgroups/networking/tso

Generic Segmentation Offload (GSO)
GSO is a performance optimization which is a generalization of the concept of TSO.

Patch
http://www.linuxfoundation.org/collaborate/workgroups/networking/gso

Large Receive Offload (LRO)
LRO is a technique for increasing inbound throughput of high-bandwidth network connections by reducing CPU overhead.

NICs supporting LRO receive packets and reassemble them before passing the data on to the local software.

[NET]: Generic Large Receive Offload for TCP traffic
The Linux kernel mailing list
http://lwn.net/Articles/243949
http://lwn.net/Articles/243950

Generic Receive Offload (GRO)
http://lwn.net/Articles/311357

UDP Fragmentation Offload (UFO)

Cache Coherence

2010-10-03T23:53:00.002+08:00

How to verify the "cache coherence" problem on ARM SMP system?
In Linux:
test-cacheco

Gateworks: Laguna Family

2010-10-02T00:22:00.002+08:00

Gateworks
Laguna Family (CNS34xx Processors) (OpenWRT)

Gateworks is proud to announce the next generation Laguna family routerboards. The Laguna family is based upon the new Cavium ECONA CNS3xx ARM11 SoC and features Gbit Ethernet, single and dual core processors with speeds up to 600MHz, high speed DDRII memory along with a rich feature set of peripherals such as RTC with battery backup, programmable watchdog timer, general purpose I/O, voltage and temperature monitor, programmable user pushbutton and advanced power management with programmable board shut-down and wake-up. The first model scheduled for release in the second quarter of 2010 is the GW2388-4 which has the same mechanical footprint as the GW2348-4 and GW2358-4 boards. The GW2388-4 features 4 high-power Mini-PCI sockets, a dual core 600MHz processor, 128Mbytes of DDRII DRAM, 16Mbytes of Flash and industrial temperature operation.

Price: $284.00

The Barebox Bootloader

2010-09-29T09:33:00.000+08:00

To be or not to be? Barebox

nVidia: Tegra 250 Benchmark

2010-09-23T17:20:00.002+08:00

ARM Cortex A9 Series: Benchmark

nVidia: Tegra 250 Source Code

2010-09-23T16:15:00.007+08:00

1. nVidia

http://nv-tegra.nvidia.com/gitweb
git://nv-tegra.nvidia.com/linux-2.6.git

HOWTO Build from Scratch
[ ]# bash linux_for_tegra_os_pack_rel_10.8.2_RC0.run
[ ]# cd linux4tegra/
[ ]# export L4TROOT=${PWD}
[ ]# ./unpack_targetfs.sh
[ ]# ./apply_l4t.sh

[ ]# git clone git://nv-tegra.nvidia.com/linux-2.6.git
[ ]# cd linux-2.6
[ ]# git checkout -b tegra-linux tegra-10.8.3

2. Google

http://android.git.kernel.org
git://android.git.kernel.org/kernel/tegra.git

HOWTO Build the Linux Kernel
[ ]# git clone git://android.git.kernel.org/kernel/tegra.git android-tegra-2.6.35
[ ]# cd android-tegra-2.6.35
[ ]# git branch -a

* master

origin/HEAD

origin/android-tegra-2.6.33

origin/android-tegra-2.6.33-rc8

origin/android-tegra-2.6.34-rc2

origin/android-tegra-2.6.34-rc4

origin/android-tegra-2.6.34-rc5

origin/android-tegra-2.6.34-rc6

origin/android-tegra-2.6.34-rc7

origin/android-tegra-2.6.35

origin/for-linus

origin/for-next

origin/for-review

origin/linus/for-linux

origin/linux-tegra-2.6.34-rc1

origin/linux-tegra-2.6.34-rc2

origin/linux-tegra-2.6.35

origin/linux-tegra-2.6.35-rc2

origin/master

[ ]# git checkout -b tegra250-android origin/android-tegra-2.6.35
[ ]# git branch

master

* tegra250-android

Ref:
1. http://tegradeveloper.nvidia.com/tegra/
2.
3.
n. http://dev.gentoo.org/~armin76/arm/tegra2/install.xml

ARM: Versatile Express

2010-09-14T14:25:00.001+08:00

Hardware

Software

u-boot

Linux kernel

Root File System

Performance

Vector Floating-Point (VFP)

2010-09-01T20:33:00.001+08:00

Float Point Test Program (Download)

ARM Cross Compiler

2010-08-30T10:47:00.002+08:00

Glibc Version

gmp-4.2.4
mpfr-2.3.2
binutils-2.19.1
gcc-4.3
glibc-2.8
linux-header-2.6.31.1
ncurses-5.7
gdb-6.8

Dynamically Linked Toolchain
build_toolchain.sh

Statically Linked Toolchain
build_static_toolchain.sh

ARM Native Toolchain
build_native_toolchain.sh

uClibc Version

Linux Network

2010-08-18T23:19:00.001+08:00

Application Layer

TCP/IP Layer

Driver Layer
Sample Code

OpenHCI

2010-08-11T22:53:00.006+08:00

Linux Device Driver

U-boot Driver

# usb start
(Re)start USB...
USB: scanning bus for devices... 2 USB Device(s) found
scanning bus for storage devices... 1 Storage Device(s) found

# usb tree
Device Tree:
1 Hub (12MBit/s, 0mA)
| OHCI Root Hub
|
+-2 Mass Storage (12MBit/s, 100mA)
JetFlash Mass Storage Device

# usb storage
Device 0: Vendor: JetFlash Rev: 8.07 Prod: TS8GJFV60
Type: Removable Hard Disk
Capacity: 7660.0 MB = 7.4 GB (15687680 x 512)

# usb info

# fatload usb 0 0x2000000 bootpImage

# go 0x2000000

ARM: Dual Core ARM Cortex A9 Processor

2010-08-10T21:15:00.006+08:00

TI OMAP™ 4 Platform - OMAP4430/OMAP4440
i.MX Community

nVidia Tegra 250
Developer Zone

ST Ericsson U9500
IGLOO (Snowball)

ECO Flow

2010-08-09T21:54:00.000+08:00

Ref: http://asicdigitaldesign.wordpress.com/2007/12/05/eco-flow/

nVidia: Tegra 250

2010-08-09T21:38:00.003+08:00

My application for the Tegra 250 developer has been approved.

Other Device Modules:
1. PCIe mini card supports 1 x Giga LAN
2. PCIe mini card supports 2 x SATAII (RAID 0, RAID 1)

Fedora: Update/Rebuild Linux Kernel

2010-08-09T10:20:00.008+08:00

FC14
[ ]# yum install kernel-devel-2.6.35.6-45.fc14.i686

FC12
[ ]# yum install yum-utils
[ ]# yumdownloader --source kernel
[ ]# yum install kernel-headers
[ ]# rpm -ivh kernel-2.6.32.16-150.fc12.src.rpm
[ ]# yum install asciidoc
[ ]# cd /root/rpmbuild/SPECS
[ ]# rpmbuild -bp --target=$(uname -m) kernel.spec
[ ]# cd /root/rpmbuild/BUILD/kernel-2.6.32/linux-2.6.32.i686
[ ]# cp configs/kernel-2.6.32.16-i686.config .config

[ ]# make
[ ]# make modules_install
[ ]# make install

FC9
[ ]# yum install yum-utils
[ ]# yumdownloader --source kernel
[ ]# yum install kernel-headers
[ ]# rpm -ivh kernel-2.6.25.3-18.fc9.src.rpm
[ ]# cd /usr/src/redhat/SPECS
[ ]# rpmbuild -bp --target=i686 kernel.spec
[ ]# cd ../BUILD/kernel-2.6.25/linux-2.6.25.i686/
[ ]# cp configs/kernel-2.6.25.3-i686.config .config

[ ]# make
[ ]# make modules_install
[ ]# make install

Linux Technology Center Podcasts

2010-06-01T21:26:00.000+08:00

Linux Technology Center Podcasts

I2C Bus

2010-05-03T01:25:00.012+08:00

I2C

I2C Linux Device Driver

The major driver is composed of the following:

Adapter specific code: /drivers/i2c/busses/i2c-xxxx.c
Algorithm: /drivers/i2c/algos/i2c-algo-xxxx.c
I2C-core: /drivers/i2c/i2c-core.c
I2C-dev: /drivers/i2c/i2c-dev.c

I2C Test Tools on Linux
i2c-tools
eeprog

Reference:

HOWTO Build ARM Cross-Compiler (crosstool-NG)

2010-04-15T14:19:00.003+08:00

[ ]# mkdir /home/crosstool-ng
[ ]# cd /home/crosstool-ng
[ ]# wget http://ymorin.is-a-geek.org/download/crosstool-ng/crosstool-ng-1.6.1.tar.bz2
[ ]# tar jxvf crosstool-ng-1.6.1.tar.bz2
[ ]# cd crosstool-ng-1.6.1
[ ]# ./configure --prefix=/opt/crosstool-ng
[ ]# make
[ ]# make install

[ ]# mkdir -p /home/crosstool-ng/crosstool-ng-build
[ ]# cd /home/crosstool-ng/crosstool-ng-build
[ }# cp /opt/crosstool-ng/lib/ct-ng-1.6.1/samples/armeb-unknown-linux-uclibcgnueabi/* .
[ ]# mv crosstool.config .config

[ ]# export PATH=/opt/crosstool-ng/bin:$PATH

[ ]# ct-ng menuconfig
[ ]# ct-ng build.4

[INFO ] Performing some trivial sanity checks
[INFO ] Build started 20100415.195352
[INFO ] Building environment variables
[WARN ] Directory '/root/src' does not exist.
[WARN ] Will not save downloaded tarballs to local storage.
[EXTRA] Preparing working directories
[WARN ] You did not specify the build system. That's OK, I can guess...
[EXTRA] Installing user-supplied crosstool-NG configuration
[EXTRA] =================================================================
[EXTRA] Dumping internal crosstool-NG configuration
[EXTRA] Building a toolchain for:
[EXTRA] build = i386-redhat-linux
[EXTRA] host = i386-redhat-linux
[EXTRA] target = armeb-unknown-linux-uclibcgnueabi
[EXTRA] Dumping internal crosstool-NG configuration: done in 0.06s (at 00:01)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Retrieving needed toolchain components' tarballs
[EXTRA] Retrieving 'linux-2.6.31.12'
[EXTRA] Retrieving 'gmp-4.3.1'
[EXTRA] Retrieving 'mpfr-2.4.2'
[EXTRA] Retrieving 'ppl-0.10.2'
[EXTRA] Retrieving 'cloog-ppl-0.15.7'
[EXTRA] Retrieving 'mpc-0.8.1'
[EXTRA] Retrieving 'binutils-2.20'
[EXTRA] Retrieving 'gcc-4.4.2'
[EXTRA] Retrieving 'uClibc-0.9.30.2'
[EXTRA] Retrieving 'libelf-0.8.12'
[EXTRA] Retrieving 'sstrip'
[EXTRA] Retrieving 'dmalloc-5.5.2'
[EXTRA] Retrieving 'duma_2_5_15'
[EXTRA] Retrieving 'gdb-6.8'
[EXTRA] Retrieving 'ncurses-5.7'
[EXTRA] Retrieving 'ltrace_0.5.3.orig'
[EXTRA] Retrieving 'strace-4.5.19'
[INFO ] Retrieving needed toolchain components' tarballs: done in 4518.57s (at 75:20)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Extracting and patching toolchain components
[EXTRA] Extracting 'linux-2.6.31.12'
[EXTRA] Patching 'linux-2.6.31.12'
[EXTRA] Extracting 'gmp-4.3.1'
[EXTRA] Patching 'gmp-4.3.1'
[EXTRA] Extracting 'mpfr-2.4.2'
[EXTRA] Patching 'mpfr-2.4.2'
[EXTRA] Extracting 'ppl-0.10.2'
[EXTRA] Patching 'ppl-0.10.2'
[EXTRA] Extracting 'cloog-ppl-0.15.7'
[EXTRA] Patching 'cloog-ppl-0.15.7'
[EXTRA] Extracting 'mpc-0.8.1'
[EXTRA] Patching 'mpc-0.8.1'
[EXTRA] Extracting 'binutils-2.20'
[EXTRA] Patching 'binutils-2.20'
[EXTRA] Extracting 'gcc-4.4.2'
[EXTRA] Patching 'gcc-4.4.2'
[EXTRA] Extracting 'uClibc-0.9.30.2'
[EXTRA] Patching 'uClibc-0.9.30.2'
[EXTRA] Extracting 'libelf-0.8.12'
[EXTRA] Patching 'libelf-0.8.12'
[EXTRA] Extracting 'dmalloc-5.5.2'
[EXTRA] Patching 'dmalloc-5.5.2'
[EXTRA] Extracting 'duma_2_5_15'
[EXTRA] Patching 'duma-2_5_15'
[EXTRA] Extracting 'gdb-6.8'
[EXTRA] Patching 'gdb-6.8'
[EXTRA] Extracting 'ncurses-5.7'
[EXTRA] Patching 'ncurses-5.7'
[EXTRA] Extracting 'ltrace-0.5.3'
[EXTRA] Patching 'ltrace-0.5.3'
[EXTRA] Extracting 'strace-4.5.19'
[EXTRA] Patching 'strace-4.5.19'
[INFO ] Extracting and patching toolchain components: done in 300.63s (at 80:20)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Checking C library configuration
[EXTRA] Munging uClibc configuration
[INFO ] Checking C library configuration: done in 0.13s (at 80:21)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing kernel headers
[EXTRA] Installing kernel headers
[EXTRA] Checking installed headers
[INFO ] Installing kernel headers: done in 9.72s (at 80:30)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing GMP
[EXTRA] Configuring GMP
[EXTRA] Building GMP
[EXTRA] Installing GMP
[INFO ] Installing GMP: done in 71.62s (at 81:42)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing MPFR
[EXTRA] Configuring MPFR
[EXTRA] Building MPFR
[EXTRA] Installing MPFR
[INFO ] Installing MPFR: done in 19.64s (at 82:02)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing PPL
[EXTRA] Configuring PPL
[EXTRA] Building PPL
[EXTRA] Installing PPL
[INFO ] Installing PPL: done in 392.81s (at 88:34)
[INFO ] Installing MPC
[EXTRA] Configuring MPC
[EXTRA] Building MPC
[EXTRA] Installing MPC
[INFO ] Installing MPC: done in 7.93s (at 88:49)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing binutils
[EXTRA] Configuring binutils
[EXTRA] Building binutils
[EXTRA] Installing binutils
[INFO ] Installing binutils: done in 48.30s (at 89:37)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing C library headers
[EXTRA] Copying sources to build dir
[EXTRA] Applying configuration
[EXTRA] Building headers
[EXTRA] Installing headers
[INFO ] Installing C library headers: done in 14.52s (at 89:52)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing static core C compiler
[EXTRA] Configuring static core C compiler
[EXTRA] Building static core C compiler
[EXTRA] Installing static core C compiler
[INFO ] Installing static core C compiler: done in 157.37s (at 92:29)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing C library
[EXTRA] Copying sources to build dir
[EXTRA] Applying configuration
[EXTRA] Building C library
[EXTRA] Installing C library
[EXTRA] Building C library cross-ldd
[EXTRA] Installing C library cross-ldd
[INFO ] Installing C library: done in 56.79s (at 93:26)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing final compiler
[EXTRA] Configuring final compiler
[EXTRA] Building final compiler
[ERROR] checking the name lister (/home/crosstool-ng/crosstool-ng-1.6.1-build/targets/armeb-unknown-linux-uclibcgnueabi/build/build-cc/./gcc/nm) interface... libtool.m4: error: problem compiling FC test program
[EXTRA] Installing final compiler
[INFO ] Installing final compiler: done in 214.53s (at 97:00)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing GMP for the target
[EXTRA] Configuring GMP
[EXTRA] Building GMP
[EXTRA] Installing GMP
[INFO ] Installing GMP for the target: done in 59.09s (at 97:59)
[INFO ] Installing MPFR for the target
[EXTRA] Configuring MPFR
[EXTRA] Building MPFR
[EXTRA] Installing MPFR
[INFO ] Installing MPFR for the target: done in 21.58s (at 98:21)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing binutils for target
[EXTRA] Configuring binutils for target
[EXTRA] Building binutils' libraries (libiberty bfd) for target
[EXTRA] Installing binutils' libraries (libiberty bfd) for target
[INFO ] Installing binutils for target: done in 77.79s (at 99:39)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing libelf
[EXTRA] Configuring libelf
[EXTRA] Building libelf
[EXTRA] Installing libelf
[INFO ] Installing libelf: done in 11.39s (at 99:50)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing sstrip
[EXTRA] Building sstrip
[EXTRA] Installing sstrip
[INFO ] Installing sstrip: done in 0.17s (at 99:50)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing dmalloc
[EXTRA] Configuring dmalloc
[EXTRA] Building dmalloc
[EXTRA] Installing dmalloc
[INFO ] Installing dmalloc: done in 8.56s (at 99:59)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing D.U.M.A.
[EXTRA] Copying sources
[EXTRA] Building libraries 'libduma.a libduma.so.0.0.0'
[EXTRA] Installing libraries 'libduma.a libduma.so.0.0.0'
[EXTRA] Installing shared library link
[EXTRA] Installing wrapper script
[INFO ] Installing D.U.M.A.: done in 1.93s (at 100:01)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing cross-gdb
[EXTRA] Configuring cross-gdb
[EXTRA] Building cross-gdb
[EXTRA] Installing cross-gdb
[INFO ] Installing cross-gdb: done in 117.00s (at 101:58)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing native gdb
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing ncurses library
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing native ncurses tic
[EXTRA] Configuring ncurses tic
[EXTRA] Building ncurses tic
[EXTRA] Installing ncurses tic
[INFO ] Installing native ncurses tic: done in 27.87s (at 102:26)
[EXTRA] Configuring ncurses
[EXTRA] Building ncurses
[EXTRA] Installing ncurses
[INFO ] Installing ncurses library: done in 98.99s (at 103:37)
[EXTRA] Configuring native gdb
[EXTRA] Building native gdb
[EXTRA] Installing native gdb
[EXTRA] Cleaning up ncurses
[INFO ] Installing native gdb: done in 196.27s (at 105:14)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing gdbserver
[EXTRA] Configuring gdbserver
[EXTRA] Building gdbserver
[EXTRA] Installing gdbserver
[INFO ] Installing gdbserver: done in 7.07s (at 105:21)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing ltrace
[EXTRA] Copying sources to build dir
[EXTRA] Configuring ltrace
[EXTRA] Building ltrace
[EXTRA] Installing ltrace
[INFO ] Installing ltrace: done in 5.01s (at 105:26)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing strace
[EXTRA] Configuring strace
[EXTRA] Building strace
[EXTRA] Installing strace
[INFO ] Installing strace: done in 17.78s (at 105:44)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Cleaning-up the toolchain's directory
[EXTRA] Installing the populate helper
[EXTRA] Creating toolchain aliases
[EXTRA] Installing toolchain wrappers
[EXTRA] Removing access to the build system tools
[EXTRA] Removing installed documentation
[INFO ] Cleaning-up the toolchain's directory: done in 0.50s (at 105:45)
[INFO ] Build completed at 20100415.213937
[INFO ] (elapsed: 105:44.38)
[INFO ] Finishing installation (may take a few seconds)...
[105:45] /

The toolchain is in directory "/root/x-tools/" by default.

PS. buildroot version (Little-Endian) (Big-Endian)

Microsoft Security Essentials

2010-04-13T12:38:00.000+08:00

Microsoft Security Essentials (MSE)

MS 推出免費的防範病毒、間諜軟體及其他惡意軟體。

RAID on Linux

2010-03-24T15:57:00.003+08:00

Wiki
Standard RAID levels
Linux Raid
LHN

Mailing list
Linux RAID Storage

Book
Managing RAID on Linux, 2002 O'Reilly (PDF)

How to build eCos 2.x applications for ARM platform

2010-03-23T10:16:00.002+08:00

In Fedora Core 8, Fedora Core 9

Install toolchain for eCos
[ ]# /opt/gnutools/

Build eCos complete process

select template
adding package
editing configuration
build tree
build library
build application

Compile ecosconfig
[ ]# cd /home/eCos/ecos-starsemi    ; ECOS_ROOT_DIR = /home/eCos/ecos-starsemi
[ ]# mkdir -p ecos-host
[ ]# cd ecos-host

[ ]# CC=gcc CXX=g++ ../ecos-2.0/configure --with-tcl=/usr/bin/tclsh --prefix=/usr/lib --host=i686-linux-gnu --with-tcl-version=8.5
[ ]# make CFLAGS="-march=i686" CXXFLAGS="-march=i686"

Compile eCos
[ ]# source ecosenv.sh    ; set some environment variables for eCos
[ ]# ecosconfig list    ; support list

[ ]# cd $ECOS_ROOT_DIR
[ ]# mkdir ecos-build
[ ]# cd ecos-build

[ ]# ecosconfig new str81xx
[ ]# ecosconfig resolve
[ ]# ecosconfig check
[ ]# ecosconfig tree
[ ]# make

Compile eCos Application - Hello World
[ ]# cd $ECOS_ROOT_DIR    ; ECOS_ROOT_DIR = /home/eCos/ecos-starsemi
[ ]# mkdir hello_kernel
[ ]# cd hello_kernel

[ ]# ecosconfig new str81xx
[ ]# ecosconfig tree    ;ecos.ecc
[ ]# make    ; install/lib/target.ld

[ ]# cd $ECOS_ROOT_DIR    ; ECOS_ROOT_DIR = /home/eCos/ecos-starsemi
[ ]# mkdir hello_application
[ ]# cd hello_application
[ ]# cp /home/eCos/ecos-starsemi/ecos-2.0/examples/hello.c .
[ ]# cp /home/eCos/ecos-starsemi/ecos-2.0/examples/build_Makefile .
[ ]# cp /home/eCos/ecos-starsemi/ecos-2.0/examples/build_Make.params .
[ ]# chmod +x build_Makefile build_Make.params
[ ]# SRCS=hello.c DST=hello ./build_Makefile ../hello_kernel
[ ]# make
[ ]# arm-elf-objcopy -O srec hello hello.srec
[ ]# arm-elf-objcopy -O binary hello hello.bin

Compile eCos Application - HTTP Server
[ ]# cd $ECOS_ROOT_DIR    ; ECOS_ROOT_DIR = /home/eCos/ecos-starsemi
[ ]# mkdir httpd_kernel
[ ]# cd httpd_kernel

[ ]# ecosconfig new str81xx net
[ ]# ecosconfig add CYGPKG_HTTPD    ; add HTTP server
[ ]# ecosconfig tree    ; ecos.ecc
[ ]# make    ; install/lib/target.ld

[ ]# cd $ECOS_ROOT_DIR    ; ECOS_ROOT_DIR = /home/eCos/ecos-starsemi
[ ]# mkdir httpd_application
[ ]# cd httpd_application
[ ]# cp /home/eCos/ecos-starsemi/ecos-2.0/packages/net/httpd/current/tests/httpd1.c httpd_apps.c
[ ]# cp /home/eCos/ecos-starsemi/ecos-2.0/examples/build_Makefile .
[ ]# cp /home/eCos/ecos-starsemi/ecos-2.0/examples/build_Make.params .
[ ]# chmod +x build_Makefile build_Make.params
[ ]# SRCS=httpd_apps.c DST=httpd_apps ./build_Makefile ../httpd_kernel
[ ]# make
[ ]# arm-elf-objcopy -O srec httpd_apps httpd_apps.srec
[ ]# arm-elf-objcopy -O binary httpd_apps httpd_apps.bin

-----------------------------------------------------------
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2085682 2008-06-17 httpd_apps
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  742694 2008-06-17 httpd_apps.srec
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  258304 2008-06-17 httpd_apps.bin
-----------------------------------------------------------

The size of the image is pretty small.

Compile eCos Application - OpenSSL Server
[ ]# ecosconfig add CYGPKG_OPENSSL ; add openssl support

Compile eCos Application - BitTorrent Server
To be continue...

Compile eCos Application - Samba Server
To be continue...

Current Status:

Hello World ! [Console]
HTTP Server [Ethernet, TCP/IP]
OpenSSL Server [Ethernet, TCP/IP]
BitTorrent Client [ToDo]
Sambe Server [ToDo]

Ubuntu for ARM Platform

2010-03-17T19:46:00.001+08:00

Boot Loader
mobile-lucid-arm-softboot-loader

Linux
linux-mvl-dove

Ubuntu on ARM

Google Android Developer Lab

2010-03-04T11:52:00.000+08:00

Google Android Developer Lab

AMP System

2010-03-02T21:40:00.002+08:00

AMP System Architecture for ARM11 MPCore

Separate CPUs with separate OS. For example, Linux runs on CPU0 and uCode runs on CPU1.

Cloud Computing Reading List

2010-02-27T00:38:00.001+08:00

1. Cloud Computing - A Practical Approach (PDF)
2. Cloud Computing - Implementation, Management and Security (PDF)
3. Cloud Security and Privacy (PDF)
4. Cloud Application Architectures (PDF)
5. Cloud Computing - Web-Based Applications (PDF)
6. ...

The Go Programming Language

2010-02-05T22:08:00.000+08:00

The Go Programming Language
http://golang.org/

HOWTO build NetBSD for ARM platform

2010-01-10T18:09:00.009+08:00

HOWTO build NetBSD on Fedora Core 9

1. Downloading sources for a NetBSD stable branch

[ ]# mkdir -p /home/NetBSD/src
[ ]# cd /home/NetBSD/src
[ ]# ftp -i ftp.NetBSD.org

ftp> cd /pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-release-4-0/tar_files/src/
ftp> mget *.tar.gz
ftp> quit

2. Decompress all tarballs
Run the following bash script:
---------------------------------------------------------------
#!/bin/sh

mkdir -p /home/NetBSD/build

for file in *.tar.gz; do
echo "untar $file"
tar -xzf $file -C /home/NetBSD/build
done
---------------------------------------------------------------

3. Compile toolchain for ARM platform

[ ]# cd /home/NetBSD/build/src
[ ]# ./build.sh -m evbarm tools

patch for compile error
(1) vi /home/NetBSD/build/src/tools/compat/../../lib/libc/gen/glob.c
---------------------------------------------------------------
#ifndef ARG_MAX
#define ARG_MAX (sysconf(_SC_ARG_MAX))
#endif
---------------------------------------------------------------

4. apply patch file for XXXXXX platform

[ ]# cd /home/NetBSD/build/src
[ ]# patch -p0 < /home/NetBSD/xxxxxx.patch
[ ]# ./build.sh -m evbarm kernel=XXXXXX
[ ]# ls -al /home/NetBSD/build/src/sys/arch/evbarm/compile/obj/XXXXXX/netbsd

5. Build File System
[ ]# cd /home/NetBSD/build/src/

6. Build NetBSD (Binary)
[ ]# nbmakefs -s 10M ramdisk.img rootfs
[ ]# arm--netbsdelf-mdsetimage -sv netbsd ramdisk.img
[ ]# arm--netbsdelf-objcopy -S -O binary netbsd netbsd.bin

Resource:
[ ]# wget ftp://ftp.tw.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/4.0/sourcecd-4.0.iso
[ ]# wget hftp://iso.tw.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/4.0/evbarmcd-4.0.iso

Reference:
1. Porting NetBSD to a new ARM SoC
2. http://wiki.netbsd.se/How_to_create_bootable_NetBSD_image

Symbian Developer

2009-12-12T14:13:00.003+08:00

Symbian Developer

Notification Chains

2009-10-27T12:00:00.002+08:00

Notification Chains

For Network subsystem: example code
For System reboot: example code

Gigabit Ethernet Controller

2009-10-26T11:07:00.001+08:00

Pseudo Linux Network Device Driver (tar.gz)

Another Beginning

2009-10-12T10:45:00.000+08:00

Timestamp

Linux Timer

2009-09-29T20:15:00.006+08:00

Low-Resolution Timer

Time Stamp: Jiffy

High-Resolution Timer

Time Stamp: Nanosecond
Clock Base: (1) Monotonic Clock (2) Real Time Clock

Dynamic Tick

Power Management

Objects for Time Management
Clock Sources
Clock Event Devices
Tick Devices

Linux IO Scheduler

2009-09-12T01:03:00.004+08:00

The IO Schedulers

No-op Scheduler

This scheduler only implements request merging.

Anticipatory IO Scheduler (AS)

This scheduler implements request merging, a one-way elevator, read and write request batching, and attempts some anticipatory reads by holding off a bit after a read batch if it thinks a user is going to ask for more data.

This is optimised for the single disk systems.

Deadline Scheduler

The scheduler implements request merging, a one-way elevator, and imposes a deadline on all operations to prevent resource starvation.

Complete Fair Queueing Scheduler (CFQ)

The scheduler implements both request merging and the elevator, and attempts to give all users of a particular device the same number of IO requests over a particular time interval.

References:
Linux I/O Schedulers

CPU affinity

2009-08-20T10:35:00.005+08:00

Soft CPU affinity
Processes do not frequently migrate between processors.
Hard CPU affinity
Processes run on processors you specify.

The Linux kernel API:

To alter the bitmask
sched_set_affinity()

To view the current bitmask
sched_get_affinity()

Memory Benchmark Test

2009-08-14T15:08:00.005+08:00

Memory Performance

stream

mem_bench

Bandwidth (x86) (0.15, 32bits) (0.16, 64bits)

STREAM


void
STREAM_Copy (double *source, double *destination, int size) {
   int j;
   size=size/8;
   for (j=0; j < size; j++)
      source[j] = destination[j];
}

Byte Copy


void
byte_copy (char *source, char *destination, int size) {
   int j;
   for (j=0; j < size; j++)
      source[j] = destination[j];
}

CPU Benchmark Test

2009-08-12T21:50:00.004+08:00

CPU Core

nbench

Floating-Point

fp_bench

CPU Utilization

sysstat

Storage Performance Test

2009-08-12T11:10:00.011+08:00

Disk I/O Performance

CrystalDiskMark (2.2)

datamark (0.0.4)

dd (coreutils)

[ ]# dd if=/dev/hda1 of=/dev/hdb1 bs=4k conv=noerror,sync

dd_rescue

[ ]# dd_rescue /dev/zero /media/disk/zero2G -m 2G

File System Performance

IOzone 3

x86 version (bin) (src)
ARM version (bin) (src)

Iometer

Bonnie++

HOWTO Build Android Platform on Fedora Core 9

2009-07-16T22:57:00.007+08:00

The final file structure looks like that

/home/android/
`-- mydroid
|-- bionic
|-- bootable
|-- build
|-- dalvik
|-- development
|-- external
|-- frameworks
|-- hardware
|-- packages
|-- prebuilt
`-- system

=========================================================

Download Android Source Code

[ ]# wget http://android.git.kernel.org/repo
[ ]# chmod +x repo
[ ]# mv repo /usr/bin

[ ]# mkdir -p /home/android/mydroid
[ ]# cd /home/android/mydroid
[ ]# repo init -u git://android.git.kernel.org/platform/manifest.git

gpg: keyring `/root/.repoconfig/gnupg/secring.gpg' created
gpg: keyring `/root/.repoconfig/gnupg/pubring.gpg' created
gpg: /root/.repoconfig/gnupg/trustdb.gpg: trustdb created
gpg: key 920F5C65: public key "Repo Maintainer "
imported
gpg: Total number processed: 1
gpg: imported: 1

Getting repo ...
from git://android.git.kernel.org/tools/repo.git
warning: no common commits
remote: Counting objects: 906, done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (404/404), done.
remote: Total 906 (delta 569), reused 785 (delta 482)
Receiving objects: 100% (906/906), 277.53 KiB | 142 KiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (569/569), done.
From git://android.git.kernel.org/tools/repo
* [new branch] master -> origin/master
* [new branch] stable -> origin/stable
* [new tag] v1.6.8.7 -> v1.6.8.7
From git://android.git.kernel.org/tools/repo
* [new tag] v1.0 -> v1.0
* [new tag] v1.0.1 -> v1.0.1
* [new tag] v1.0.2 -> v1.0.2
* [new tag] v1.0.3 -> v1.0.3
* [new tag] v1.0.4 -> v1.0.4
* [new tag] v1.0.5 -> v1.0.5
* [new tag] v1.0.6 -> v1.0.6
* [new tag] v1.0.7 -> v1.0.7
* [new tag] v1.0.8 -> v1.0.8
* [new tag] v1.0.9 -> v1.0.9
* [new tag] v1.1 -> v1.1
* [new tag] v1.2 -> v1.2
* [new tag] v1.3 -> v1.3
* [new tag] v1.3.1 -> v1.3.1
* [new tag] v1.3.2 -> v1.3.2
* [new tag] v1.4 -> v1.4
* [new tag] v1.4.1 -> v1.4.1
* [new tag] v1.4.2 -> v1.4.2
* [new tag] v1.4.3 -> v1.4.3
* [new tag] v1.4.4 -> v1.4.4
* [new tag] v1.5 -> v1.5
* [new tag] v1.5.1 -> v1.5.1
* [new tag] v1.6 -> v1.6
* [new tag] v1.6.1 -> v1.6.1
* [new tag] v1.6.2 -> v1.6.2
* [new tag] v1.6.3 -> v1.6.3
* [new tag] v1.6.4 -> v1.6.4
* [new tag] v1.6.5 -> v1.6.5
* [new tag] v1.6.6 -> v1.6.6
* [new tag] v1.6.7 -> v1.6.7
* [new tag] v1.6.7.1 -> v1.6.7.1
* [new tag] v1.6.7.2 -> v1.6.7.2
* [new tag] v1.6.7.3 -> v1.6.7.3
* [new tag] v1.6.7.4 -> v1.6.7.4
* [new tag] v1.6.7.5 -> v1.6.7.5
* [new tag] v1.6.8 -> v1.6.8
* [new tag] v1.6.8.1 -> v1.6.8.1
* [new tag] v1.6.8.2 -> v1.6.8.2
* [new tag] v1.6.8.3 -> v1.6.8.3
* [new tag] v1.6.8.4 -> v1.6.8.4
* [new tag] v1.6.8.5 -> v1.6.8.5
* [new tag] v1.6.8.6 -> v1.6.8.6
Getting manifest ...
from git://android.git.kernel.org/platform/manifest.git
warning: no common commits
remote: Counting objects: 116, done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (45/45), done.
remote: Total 116 (delta 39), reused 107 (delta 36)
Receiving objects: 100% (116/116), 29.54 KiB, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (39/39), done.
From git://android.git.kernel.org/platform/manifest
* [new branch] android-1.5 -> origin/android-1.5
* [new branch] android-1.5r2 -> origin/android-1.5r2
* [new branch] android-sdk-1.5-pre -> origin/android-sdk-1.5-pre
* [new branch] android-sdk-1.5_r1 -> origin/android-sdk-1.5_r1
* [new branch] cdma-import -> origin/cdma-import
* [new branch] cupcake -> origin/cupcake
* [new branch] donut -> origin/donut
* [new branch] master -> origin/master
* [new branch] release-1.0 -> origin/release-1.0
* [new tag] android-1.5 -> android-1.5
* [new tag] android-1.5r2 -> android-1.5r2
* [new tag] android-sdk-1.5-pre -> android-sdk-1.5-pre
* [new tag] android-sdk-1.5_r1 -> android-sdk-1.5_r1
From git://android.git.kernel.org/platform/manifest
* [new tag] android-1.0 -> android-1.0

Your Name [ ]: scott
Your Email [ ]: scott.shu@gmail.com

Your identity is: scott
is this correct [yes/no]? yes

Testing colorized output (for 'repo diff', 'repo status'):
black red green yellow blue magenta cyan white
bold dim ul reverse
Enable color display in this user account (y/n)? y

[ ]# repo sync
... skip ...
... skip ... checkout 1.9G in 22 minutes
[ ]#

Install some tools before build "manifest"
[ ]# yum install java-1.6.0-openjdk-devel
[ ]# yum install gperf

Make it

Reference:
http://source.android.com/download/using-repo

HOWTO Install Android SDK 1.5.r2 on Fedora Core 9

2009-07-16T22:31:00.006+08:00

The final file structure looks like that

/home/android/
|-- android-kernel
| `-- kernel
|-- android-sdk
| `-- android-sdk-linux_x86-1.5_r2

=========================================================

Download Android 1.5 SDK, Release 2
[ ]# mkdir -p /home/android/android-sdk
[ ]# cd /home/android/android-sdk
[ ]# wget http://developer.android.com/sdk/download.html?v=android-sdk-linux_x86-1.5_r2.zip
[ ]# unzip android-sdk-linux_x86-1.5_r2.zip

Linux Kernel for Android
[ ]# mkdir -p /home/android/android-kernel
[ ]# cd /home/android/android-kernel
[ ]# git clone git://android.kernel.org/kernel/common.git kernel
[ ]# cd kernel

[ ]# git branch goldfish origin/android-goldfish-2.6.27
[ ]# git checkout goldfish

[ ]# make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux- goldfish_defconfig
[ ]# make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux- menuconfig
[ ]# make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux- zImage

Switched to branch "goldfish-2.6.29"
[ ]# git branch goldfish-2.6.29 origin/android-goldfish-2.6.29
[ ]# git checkout goldfish-2.6.29

To see a list of existing branches
[ ]# git branch
android-2.6.27
goldfish
* goldfish-2.6.29

Android Emulator

Create Android Virtual Device
[ ]# android-sdk/android-sdk-linux_x86-1.5_r2/tools/android create avd -n foo -t 3
Created AVD 'foo' based on Google APIs (Google Inc.)

Run the emulator
[ ]# android-sdk/android-sdk-linux_x86-1.5_r2/tools/emulator @foo -kernel android-kernel/kernel/arch/arm/boot/zImage

Delete the Android Virtual Device
[ ]# android-sdk/android-sdk-linux_x86-1.5_r2/tools/android delete avd -n foo

Endianness

2009-07-16T22:13:00.002+08:00

LE: Little-endian

BE-8: Byte-Invariant Big-endian

BE-32: Word-Invariant Big-endian

The differences between BE-32 and BE-8 data buses are:
• In a BE-32 system, the representation of a 32-bit Word access is
the same between a BE-32 access and a LE access to the same word address.
However, the representation of the byte (and half-word) accesses on the bus is
different.

• In a BE-8 system, the representation of a byte access is the same
between a BE-8 access and a LE access to the same byte address. However, the
representation of the word (and half-word) accesses on the bus is different.

Android Development Environment

2009-07-16T12:03:00.001+08:00

Linux Kernel Reading Book List

2009-06-25T21:57:00.004+08:00

1. Professional Linux Kernel Architecture (PDF)

This book is focus on kernel 2.6.24 ~ 2.6.26.
2.

Android Reading List

2009-06-25T21:28:00.009+08:00

1. Hello, Android: Introducing Google's Mobile Development Platform
2. Android Application Development
3. Unlocking Android (PDF)
4. Professional Android Application Development (PDF)
5. Android Essentials (PDF)
6. Beginning Android (PDF)
7. Pro Android (PDF)
8. Androd Programmer Guide (PDF)
9. The Busy Coder's Guide to Android Development ()
10.

Related Blog:
http://scottshulinux.blogspot.com/2009/01/howto-compile-android-linux-on-fedora.html

Eclipse

2009-06-23T15:12:00.005+08:00

Embedded Linux development using Eclipse
(PDF)

Eclipse Distro + Subversive Team Provider
Free download

Linux Kernel Stuff

2009-06-10T22:36:00.000+08:00

Linux Kernel Makefiles
http://www.ravnborg.org/kbuild/makefiles.html

Linux Test Tools

2009-06-10T20:47:00.016+08:00

Linux Test Tools

http://ltp.sourceforge.net/tooltable.php

Linux Memory Test

Memtester

1) Random value
2) XOR comparison
3) SUB comparison
4) MUL comparison
5) DIV comparison
6) OR comparison
7) AND comparison
8) Sequential Increment
9) Block Sequential
10) Solid Bits
11) Bit Flip
12) Checkerboard
13) Walking Ones / Walking Zeroes

The walking "1"'s (for a byte wide memory) involves writing a binary value "00000001" into the first location in read/write memory. The value is then shifted one position to the left so that the binary value is "00000010". This value is written to the next location in memory. When the "1" is left shifted out of the 8-bit value, the value "00000001" is reused and the left-shifting begins again from there. This pattern of left-shift by one bit then writing the new value to next memory location is repeated until all of the memory is written.

Once all memory is written then the memory is read location by location and compared to the left-shifted pattern originally written.

The walking "0"'s is the same algorithm with the exception that the pattern used begins with a "11111110" written to the first memory location and "11111101" is written to the second location.

This test is intended to uncover data or address bus problems both internal to the memory device as well as external.

14) Bit Spread

LMBench

CacheBench

1) memset() from the C library
2) memcpy() from the C library
3) Cache Read
4) Cache Write
5) Cache Read/Modify/Write

STREAM

U-boot Memory Test

Other Test Algorithm:

Self Address

Write the address of the memory to the memory.

March C- Solid Bits

It consists of writing an all-0’s pattern (and all-1’s pattern), then reading all the cells.

March C- Checkerboard

Writes 1’s and 0’s into alternate memory locations in a checkerboard pattern. Wait for several seconds and read. Repeat for complementary patterns.

Walking Ones Left

Walking Ones Right

Walking Zeros Left

Walking Zeros Right

Reference:
1. The March10N/MarchC memory test
2. Fast Accurate Memory Test Suite

Cache

2009-06-09T16:29:00.004+08:00

Write-through

Write-back

The value kept in the backing store should be up-to-
date with any changes made to the version stored
in the cache, but only to the point that it is possible
to ensure that any read requests to the version in the
backing store (e.g., from another processor) return
the most recently written value stored in the cache.

Two typical mechanisms used in general-purpose
caches to effect this responsibility are write-back and
write-through policies. When writing to a cache, the
backing store is implicitly updated, but when? Two
obvious choices are immediately and later; the first
is write-through, and the second is write back.

outer_inv - /* invalidate only */
outer_clean - /* writeback only */
outer_flush - /* writeback and invalidate */

MMC/SD/SDIO on Linux

2009-05-20T12:19:00.002+08:00

MMC/SD/SDIO Device Driver
Download patch

How to use MMC/SD card

[ ]# cat /proc/partitions

[ ]# mknod /dev/mmcblk0 b 179 0
[ ]# mknod /dev/mmcblk0p1 b 179 1

[ ]# mount /dev/mmcblk0p1 /mnt

RTC on Linux

2009-05-20T12:11:00.002+08:00

Real Time Clock

RTC Device Driver
Download patch

RTC Utility

[ ]# mknod /dev/rtc0 c 254 0

[ ]# date 2009.05.20-12:34:56

[ ]# hwclock -w

[ ]# cat /proc/driver/rtc

[ ]#

IP Calculator

2009-04-29T13:50:00.000+08:00

IP Calculator

ipcalc takes an IP address and netmask and calculates the resulting broadcast, network, Cisco wildcard mask, and host range. By giving a second netmask, you can design subnets and supernets. It is also intended to be a teaching tool and presents the subnetting results as easy-to-understand binary values.

Watchdog Timer

2009-04-27T00:55:00.002+08:00

Hardware Watchdog Driver

Userspace Watchdog Program

Software Watchdog

FAT File System

2009-04-24T12:09:00.003+08:00

The First Block (512 Bytes)

MMC/SD on u-boot

2009-04-23T01:16:00.008+08:00

Card Information

Load bootpImage from MMC/SD Card

u-boot # mmcinfo
mmc_init
version_2 = 1
Manufacturer ID: 03
OEM/Application ID: 5344
Product name: SD08G
Product Revision: 8.0
Product Serial Number: 59007
Manufacturing Date: 08/12
MMC/SD RCA = 0x8FE4
CSD data: 400e0032 5b590000 3cdc7f80 0a404000
CSD structure version: 1
Card command classes: 5b5
Read block length: 512
Does not support partial reads
Write block length: 512
Does not support partial writes
Does not support group WP
Card capacity: 7977472 Kbytes
File format: 0/0
Write protection:

u-boot # fatinfo mmc 0
Interface: MMC
Device 0: Vendor: Man 035344 Snr 0000e67f Rev: 8 0 Prod: SD08G
Type: Removable Hard Disk
Capacity: 7790.5 MB = 7.6 GB (15954944 x 512)
Partition 1: Filesystem: FAT32 "NO NAME "

u-boot # fatls mmc 0
3745704 bootpimage

1 file(s), 0 dir(s)

u-boot # fatload mmc 0 0x1000000 bootpImage
reading bootpImage

3745704 bytes read

u-boot # go 0x1000000

Download Patch

Reference:
1. Simplified Physical Layer Spec. (Version 2.00)
2. Simplified SD Host Controller Spec. (Version 2.00)
3. Simplified SDIO Card Spec. (Version 2.00)

Linux SMP Kernel boot-up messages on ARM11 MPCore based Platform

2009-04-06T01:07:00.006+08:00

Linux version 2.6.27-arm1 (scott.shu@gmail.com) (gcc version 4.3.2 (G9
CPU: ARMv6-compatible processor [410fb020] revision 0 (ARMv7), cr=00c5387f
Machine: S---- ARM11 MPCore
Memory policy: ECC disabled, Data cache writeback
On node 0 totalpages: 65536
free_area_init_node: node 0, pgdat c022a8c0, node_mem_map c0261000
DMA zone: 65024 pages, LIFO batch:15
CPU0: D VIPT write-back cache
CPU0: I cache: 32768 bytes, associativity 4, 32 byte lines, 256 sets
CPU0: D cache: 32768 bytes, associativity 4, 32 byte lines, 256 sets
Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 65024
Kernel command line: root=/dev/ram0 rw init=/linuxrc mem=256M console=ttyS0,3840
PID hash table entries: 1024 (order: 10, 4096 bytes)
Console: colour dummy device 80x30
console [ttyS0] enabled
Dentry cache hash table entries: 32768 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
Inode-cache hash table entries: 16384 (order: 4, 65536 bytes)
Memory: 256MB = 256MB total
Memory: 254592KB available (2008K code, 281K data, 104K init)
Calibrating delay loop... 104.24 BogoMIPS (lpj=521216)
Mount-cache hash table entries: 512
CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok
CNS3000: no. of cores (4) greater than configured maximum of 2 - clipping
Calibrating local timer... 131.10MHz.
CPU1: Booted secondary processor
CPU1: D VIPT write-back cache
CPU1: I cache: 32768 bytes, associativity 4, 32 byte lines, 256 sets
CPU1: D cache: 32768 bytes, associativity 4, 32 byte lines, 256 sets
Calibrating delay loop... 104.65 BogoMIPS (lpj=523264)
Brought up 2 CPUs
SMP: Total of 2 processors activated (208.89 BogoMIPS).
CPU0 attaching sched-domain:
domain 0: span 0-1 level CPU
groups: 0 1
CPU1 attaching sched-domain:
domain 0: span 0-1 level CPU
groups: 1 0
net_namespace: 596 bytes
NET: Registered protocol family 16
NET: Registered protocol family 2
IP route cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
TCP established hash table entries: 8192 (order: 4, 65536 bytes)
TCP bind hash table entries: 8192 (order: 4, 65536 bytes)
TCP: Hash tables configured (established 8192 bind 8192)
TCP reno registered
NET: Registered protocol family 1
checking if image is initramfs...it isn't (no cpio magic); looks like an initrd
Freeing initrd memory: 2571K
JFFS2 version 2.2. (NAND) © 2001-2006 Red Hat, Inc.
msgmni has been set to 502
io scheduler noop registered
io scheduler deadline registered (default)
Serial: 8250/16550 driver1 ports, IRQ sharing disabled
serial8250: ttyS0 at MMIO 0x78000000 (irq = 37) is a 16550A
brd: module loaded
loop: module loaded
TCP cubic registered
NET: Registered protocol family 17
Bridge firewalling registered
802.1Q VLAN Support v1.8 Ben Greear
All bugs added by David S. Miller
VFP support v0.3: implementor 41 architecture 1 part 20 variant b rev 3
RAMDISK: Compressed image found at block 0
VFS: Mounted root (ext2 filesystem).
Freeing init memory: 104K

# cat /proc/interrupts
CPU0 CPU1
32: 50 0 GIC Timer Tick
37: 4542 0 GIC serial
IPI: 334 493
LOC: 25087 25099
Err: 0

# cat /proc/cpuinfo
Processor : ARMv6-compatible processor rev 0 (v6l)
processor : 0
BogoMIPS : 104.24
processor : 1
BogoMIPS : 104.65
Features : swp half thumb fastmult vfp edsp java
CPU implementer : 0x41
CPU architecture: 7
CPU variant : 0x0
CPU part : 0xb02
CPU revision : 0
Cache type : write-back
Cache clean : cp15 c7 ops
Cache lockdown : format C
Cache format : Harvard
I size : 32768
I assoc : 4
I line length : 32
I sets : 256
D size : 32768
D assoc : 4
D line length : 32
D sets : 256
Hardware : S---- ARM11 MPCore
Revision : 0000
Serial : 0000000000000000