HOWTO Build ARM Cross-Compiler (crosstool-NG)

[ ]# mkdir /home/crosstool-ng
[ ]# cd /home/crosstool-ng
[ ]# wget http://ymorin.is-a-geek.org/download/crosstool-ng/crosstool-ng-1.6.1.tar.bz2
[ ]# tar jxvf crosstool-ng-1.6.1.tar.bz2
[ ]# cd crosstool-ng-1.6.1
[ ]# ./configure --prefix=/opt/crosstool-ng
[ ]# make
[ ]# make install

[ ]# mkdir -p /home/crosstool-ng/crosstool-ng-build
[ ]# cd /home/crosstool-ng/crosstool-ng-build
[ }# cp /opt/crosstool-ng/lib/ct-ng-1.6.1/samples/armeb-unknown-linux-uclibcgnueabi/* .
[ ]# mv crosstool.config .config

[ ]# export PATH=/opt/crosstool-ng/bin:$PATH

[ ]# ct-ng menuconfig
[ ]# ct-ng build.4

[INFO ] Performing some trivial sanity checks
[INFO ] Build started 20100415.195352
[INFO ] Building environment variables
[WARN ] Directory '/root/src' does not exist.
[WARN ] Will not save downloaded tarballs to local storage.
[EXTRA] Preparing working directories
[WARN ] You did not specify the build system. That's OK, I can guess...
[EXTRA] Installing user-supplied crosstool-NG configuration
[EXTRA] =================================================================
[EXTRA] Dumping internal crosstool-NG configuration
[EXTRA] Building a toolchain for:
[EXTRA] build = i386-redhat-linux
[EXTRA] host = i386-redhat-linux
[EXTRA] target = armeb-unknown-linux-uclibcgnueabi
[EXTRA] Dumping internal crosstool-NG configuration: done in 0.06s (at 00:01)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Retrieving needed toolchain components' tarballs
[EXTRA] Retrieving 'linux-2.6.31.12'
[EXTRA] Retrieving 'gmp-4.3.1'
[EXTRA] Retrieving 'mpfr-2.4.2'
[EXTRA] Retrieving 'ppl-0.10.2'
[EXTRA] Retrieving 'cloog-ppl-0.15.7'
[EXTRA] Retrieving 'mpc-0.8.1'
[EXTRA] Retrieving 'binutils-2.20'
[EXTRA] Retrieving 'gcc-4.4.2'
[EXTRA] Retrieving 'uClibc-0.9.30.2'
[EXTRA] Retrieving 'libelf-0.8.12'
[EXTRA] Retrieving 'sstrip'
[EXTRA] Retrieving 'dmalloc-5.5.2'
[EXTRA] Retrieving 'duma_2_5_15'
[EXTRA] Retrieving 'gdb-6.8'
[EXTRA] Retrieving 'ncurses-5.7'
[EXTRA] Retrieving 'ltrace_0.5.3.orig'
[EXTRA] Retrieving 'strace-4.5.19'
[INFO ] Retrieving needed toolchain components' tarballs: done in 4518.57s (at 75:20)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Extracting and patching toolchain components
[EXTRA] Extracting 'linux-2.6.31.12'
[EXTRA] Patching 'linux-2.6.31.12'
[EXTRA] Extracting 'gmp-4.3.1'
[EXTRA] Patching 'gmp-4.3.1'
[EXTRA] Extracting 'mpfr-2.4.2'
[EXTRA] Patching 'mpfr-2.4.2'
[EXTRA] Extracting 'ppl-0.10.2'
[EXTRA] Patching 'ppl-0.10.2'
[EXTRA] Extracting 'cloog-ppl-0.15.7'
[EXTRA] Patching 'cloog-ppl-0.15.7'
[EXTRA] Extracting 'mpc-0.8.1'
[EXTRA] Patching 'mpc-0.8.1'
[EXTRA] Extracting 'binutils-2.20'
[EXTRA] Patching 'binutils-2.20'
[EXTRA] Extracting 'gcc-4.4.2'
[EXTRA] Patching 'gcc-4.4.2'
[EXTRA] Extracting 'uClibc-0.9.30.2'
[EXTRA] Patching 'uClibc-0.9.30.2'
[EXTRA] Extracting 'libelf-0.8.12'
[EXTRA] Patching 'libelf-0.8.12'
[EXTRA] Extracting 'dmalloc-5.5.2'
[EXTRA] Patching 'dmalloc-5.5.2'
[EXTRA] Extracting 'duma_2_5_15'
[EXTRA] Patching 'duma-2_5_15'
[EXTRA] Extracting 'gdb-6.8'
[EXTRA] Patching 'gdb-6.8'
[EXTRA] Extracting 'ncurses-5.7'
[EXTRA] Patching 'ncurses-5.7'
[EXTRA] Extracting 'ltrace-0.5.3'
[EXTRA] Patching 'ltrace-0.5.3'
[EXTRA] Extracting 'strace-4.5.19'
[EXTRA] Patching 'strace-4.5.19'
[INFO ] Extracting and patching toolchain components: done in 300.63s (at 80:20)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Checking C library configuration
[EXTRA] Munging uClibc configuration
[INFO ] Checking C library configuration: done in 0.13s (at 80:21)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing kernel headers
[EXTRA] Installing kernel headers
[EXTRA] Checking installed headers
[INFO ] Installing kernel headers: done in 9.72s (at 80:30)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing GMP
[EXTRA] Configuring GMP
[EXTRA] Building GMP
[EXTRA] Installing GMP
[INFO ] Installing GMP: done in 71.62s (at 81:42)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing MPFR
[EXTRA] Configuring MPFR
[EXTRA] Building MPFR
[EXTRA] Installing MPFR
[INFO ] Installing MPFR: done in 19.64s (at 82:02)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing PPL
[EXTRA] Configuring PPL
[EXTRA] Building PPL
[EXTRA] Installing PPL
[INFO ] Installing PPL: done in 392.81s (at 88:34)
[INFO ] Installing MPC
[EXTRA] Configuring MPC
[EXTRA] Building MPC
[EXTRA] Installing MPC
[INFO ] Installing MPC: done in 7.93s (at 88:49)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing binutils
[EXTRA] Configuring binutils
[EXTRA] Building binutils
[EXTRA] Installing binutils
[INFO ] Installing binutils: done in 48.30s (at 89:37)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing C library headers
[EXTRA] Copying sources to build dir
[EXTRA] Applying configuration
[EXTRA] Building headers
[EXTRA] Installing headers
[INFO ] Installing C library headers: done in 14.52s (at 89:52)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing static core C compiler
[EXTRA] Configuring static core C compiler
[EXTRA] Building static core C compiler
[EXTRA] Installing static core C compiler
[INFO ] Installing static core C compiler: done in 157.37s (at 92:29)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing C library
[EXTRA] Copying sources to build dir
[EXTRA] Applying configuration
[EXTRA] Building C library
[EXTRA] Installing C library
[EXTRA] Building C library cross-ldd
[EXTRA] Installing C library cross-ldd
[INFO ] Installing C library: done in 56.79s (at 93:26)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing final compiler
[EXTRA] Configuring final compiler
[EXTRA] Building final compiler
[ERROR] checking the name lister (/home/crosstool-ng/crosstool-ng-1.6.1-build/targets/armeb-unknown-linux-uclibcgnueabi/build/build-cc/./gcc/nm) interface... libtool.m4: error: problem compiling FC test program
[EXTRA] Installing final compiler
[INFO ] Installing final compiler: done in 214.53s (at 97:00)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing GMP for the target
[EXTRA] Configuring GMP
[EXTRA] Building GMP
[EXTRA] Installing GMP
[INFO ] Installing GMP for the target: done in 59.09s (at 97:59)
[INFO ] Installing MPFR for the target
[EXTRA] Configuring MPFR
[EXTRA] Building MPFR
[EXTRA] Installing MPFR
[INFO ] Installing MPFR for the target: done in 21.58s (at 98:21)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing binutils for target
[EXTRA] Configuring binutils for target
[EXTRA] Building binutils' libraries (libiberty bfd) for target
[EXTRA] Installing binutils' libraries (libiberty bfd) for target
[INFO ] Installing binutils for target: done in 77.79s (at 99:39)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing libelf
[EXTRA] Configuring libelf
[EXTRA] Building libelf
[EXTRA] Installing libelf
[INFO ] Installing libelf: done in 11.39s (at 99:50)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing sstrip
[EXTRA] Building sstrip
[EXTRA] Installing sstrip
[INFO ] Installing sstrip: done in 0.17s (at 99:50)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing dmalloc
[EXTRA] Configuring dmalloc
[EXTRA] Building dmalloc
[EXTRA] Installing dmalloc
[INFO ] Installing dmalloc: done in 8.56s (at 99:59)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing D.U.M.A.
[EXTRA] Copying sources
[EXTRA] Building libraries 'libduma.a libduma.so.0.0.0'
[EXTRA] Installing libraries 'libduma.a libduma.so.0.0.0'
[EXTRA] Installing shared library link
[EXTRA] Installing wrapper script
[INFO ] Installing D.U.M.A.: done in 1.93s (at 100:01)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing cross-gdb
[EXTRA] Configuring cross-gdb
[EXTRA] Building cross-gdb
[EXTRA] Installing cross-gdb
[INFO ] Installing cross-gdb: done in 117.00s (at 101:58)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing native gdb
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing ncurses library
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing native ncurses tic
[EXTRA] Configuring ncurses tic
[EXTRA] Building ncurses tic
[EXTRA] Installing ncurses tic
[INFO ] Installing native ncurses tic: done in 27.87s (at 102:26)
[EXTRA] Configuring ncurses
[EXTRA] Building ncurses
[EXTRA] Installing ncurses
[INFO ] Installing ncurses library: done in 98.99s (at 103:37)
[EXTRA] Configuring native gdb
[EXTRA] Building native gdb
[EXTRA] Installing native gdb
[EXTRA] Cleaning up ncurses
[INFO ] Installing native gdb: done in 196.27s (at 105:14)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing gdbserver
[EXTRA] Configuring gdbserver
[EXTRA] Building gdbserver
[EXTRA] Installing gdbserver
[INFO ] Installing gdbserver: done in 7.07s (at 105:21)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing ltrace
[EXTRA] Copying sources to build dir
[EXTRA] Configuring ltrace
[EXTRA] Building ltrace
[EXTRA] Installing ltrace
[INFO ] Installing ltrace: done in 5.01s (at 105:26)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Installing strace
[EXTRA] Configuring strace
[EXTRA] Building strace
[EXTRA] Installing strace
[INFO ] Installing strace: done in 17.78s (at 105:44)
[INFO ] =================================================================
[INFO ] Cleaning-up the toolchain's directory
[EXTRA] Installing the populate helper
[EXTRA] Creating toolchain aliases
[EXTRA] Installing toolchain wrappers
[EXTRA] Removing access to the build system tools
[EXTRA] Removing installed documentation
[INFO ] Cleaning-up the toolchain's directory: done in 0.50s (at 105:45)
[INFO ] Build completed at 20100415.213937
[INFO ] (elapsed: 105:44.38)
[INFO ] Finishing installation (may take a few seconds)...
[105:45] /

The toolchain is in directory "/root/x-tools/" by default.

PS. buildroot version (Little-Endian) (Big-Endian)

Microsoft Security Essentials

Microsoft Security Essentials (MSE)

MS 推出免費的防範病毒、間諜軟體及其他惡意軟體。

RAID on Linux

Wiki
Standard RAID levels
Linux Raid
LHN

Mailing list
Linux RAID Storage

Book
Managing RAID on Linux, 2002 O'Reilly (PDF)

How to build eCos 2.x applications for ARM platform

In Fedora Core 8, Fedora Core 9

Install toolchain for eCos
[ ]# /opt/gnutools/

Build eCos complete process

1. select template
2. adding package
3. editing configuration
4. build tree
5. build library
6. build application 

Compile ecosconfig
[ ]# cd /home/eCos/ecos-starsemi    ; ECOS_ROOT_DIR = /home/eCos/ecos-starsemi
[ ]# mkdir -p ecos-host
[ ]# cd ecos-host

[ ]# CC=gcc CXX=g++ ../ecos-2.0/configure --with-tcl=/usr/bin/tclsh --prefix=/usr/lib --host=i686-linux-gnu --with-tcl-version=8.5
[ ]# make CFLAGS="-march=i686" CXXFLAGS="-march=i686"


Compile eCos
[ ]# source ecosenv.sh    ; set some environment variables for eCos
[ ]# ecosconfig list    ; support list

[ ]# cd $ECOS_ROOT_DIR
[ ]# mkdir ecos-build
[ ]# cd ecos-build

[ ]# ecosconfig new str81xx
[ ]# ecosconfig resolve
[ ]# ecosconfig check
[ ]# ecosconfig tree
[ ]# make

Compile eCos Application - Hello World
[ ]# cd $ECOS_ROOT_DIR    ; ECOS_ROOT_DIR = /home/eCos/ecos-starsemi
[ ]# mkdir hello_kernel
[ ]# cd hello_kernel

[ ]# ecosconfig new str81xx
[ ]# ecosconfig tree    ;ecos.ecc
[ ]# make    ; install/lib/target.ld

[ ]# cd $ECOS_ROOT_DIR    ; ECOS_ROOT_DIR = /home/eCos/ecos-starsemi
[ ]# mkdir hello_application
[ ]# cd hello_application
[ ]# cp /home/eCos/ecos-starsemi/ecos-2.0/examples/hello.c .
[ ]# cp /home/eCos/ecos-starsemi/ecos-2.0/examples/build_Makefile .
[ ]# cp /home/eCos/ecos-starsemi/ecos-2.0/examples/build_Make.params .
[ ]# chmod +x build_Makefile build_Make.params
[ ]# SRCS=hello.c DST=hello ./build_Makefile ../hello_kernel
[ ]# make
[ ]# arm-elf-objcopy -O srec hello hello.srec
[ ]# arm-elf-objcopy -O binary hello hello.bin


Compile eCos Application - HTTP Server
[ ]# cd $ECOS_ROOT_DIR    ; ECOS_ROOT_DIR = /home/eCos/ecos-starsemi
[ ]# mkdir httpd_kernel
[ ]# cd httpd_kernel

[ ]# ecosconfig new str81xx net
[ ]# ecosconfig add CYGPKG_HTTPD    ; add HTTP server
[ ]# ecosconfig tree    ; ecos.ecc
[ ]# make    ; install/lib/target.ld

[ ]# cd $ECOS_ROOT_DIR    ; ECOS_ROOT_DIR = /home/eCos/ecos-starsemi
[ ]# mkdir httpd_application
[ ]# cd httpd_application
[ ]# cp /home/eCos/ecos-starsemi/ecos-2.0/packages/net/httpd/current/tests/httpd1.c httpd_apps.c
[ ]# cp /home/eCos/ecos-starsemi/ecos-2.0/examples/build_Makefile .
[ ]# cp /home/eCos/ecos-starsemi/ecos-2.0/examples/build_Make.params .
[ ]# chmod +x build_Makefile build_Make.params
[ ]# SRCS=httpd_apps.c DST=httpd_apps ./build_Makefile ../httpd_kernel
[ ]# make
[ ]# arm-elf-objcopy -O srec httpd_apps httpd_apps.srec
[ ]# arm-elf-objcopy -O binary httpd_apps httpd_apps.bin

-----------------------------------------------------------
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2085682 2008-06-17 httpd_apps
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  742694 2008-06-17 httpd_apps.srec
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  258304 2008-06-17 httpd_apps.bin
-----------------------------------------------------------

The size of the image is pretty small.

Compile eCos Application - OpenSSL Server
[ ]# ecosconfig add CYGPKG_OPENSSL    ; add openssl support

Compile eCos Application - BitTorrent Server
To be continue...

Compile eCos Application - Samba Server
To be continue...

Current Status:

• Hello World ! [Console]
• HTTP Server [Ethernet, TCP/IP]
• OpenSSL Server [Ethernet, TCP/IP]
• BitTorrent Client [ToDo] 
• Sambe Server [ToDo]

Ubuntu for ARM Platform

Boot Loader
mobile-lucid-arm-softboot-loader

Linux
linux-mvl-dove

Ubuntu on ARM

Google Android Developer Lab

Google Android Developer Lab

AMP System

AMP System Architecture for ARM11 MPCore

Separate CPUs with separate OS. For example, Linux runs on CPU0 and uCode runs on CPU1.